Hadith Commentary: The Five Natural Dispositions

This noble hadith from Sunan Abi Dawud 4198, found in the chapter "Combing the Hair (Kitab Al-Tarajjul)," enumerates five innate human characteristics that align with the pure state of human nature (fitrah). These practices distinguish the believer and maintain physical and spiritual purity.

The Five Characteristics Explained

Circumcision (Al-Khitan): This is a sign of the covenant with Allah, practiced by Prophet Ibrahim (AS). It promotes cleanliness, reduces physical impurities, and is a distinguishing mark of the Muslim community.

Shaving the Pubes (Halg al-'Anah): This maintains hygiene, prevents accumulation of impurities that invalidate ablution, and controls unpleasant odors. It should be done regularly, not exceeding forty days.

Plucking Underarm Hair (Natif al-Ibt): Similar to the above, this removes a source of odor and filth. Plucking is recommended as it removes the root, but shaving is also permissible.

Paring the Nails (Qass al-Athafar): Dirt and impurities collect under long nails. Trimming them ensures physical cleanliness for acts of worship like ablution and prayer.

Clipping the Moustache (Qass ash-Sharab): This involves shortening the moustache so it does not cover the upper lip, facilitating cleanliness when eating and drinking and differentiating the Muslim appearance.

Scholarly Insights

The scholars consider these acts to be highly recommended Sunnah (Sunnah Mu'akkadah). Some, like Imam Ahmad, considered circumcision obligatory for men. Collectively, they represent the Islamic emphasis on comprehensive purity—both outward and inward—preparing a Muslim for worship and a dignified life.

The recommended period for performing these acts, aside from the one-time circumcision, is within forty days, ensuring consistent personal upkeep. Neglecting them is considered blameworthy and contrary to the refined character Islam seeks to cultivate.