Hadith Text

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade every intoxicant and everything which produces languidness.

Source Reference

Book: Drinks (Kitab Al-Ashribah)

Author: Sunan Abi Dawud

Hadith: Sunan Abi Dawud 3686

Scholarly Commentary

This comprehensive prohibition establishes the fundamental Islamic ruling regarding intoxicants. The term "every intoxicant" (kullu muskirin) encompasses all substances that cloud the intellect, whether derived from grapes, dates, wheat, barley, or any other source.

The prohibition extends beyond mere intoxication to include "everything which produces languidness" - meaning substances that cause lethargy, weakness, or diminish mental faculties even without complete intoxication. This includes narcotics and drugs that dull the senses.

Scholars have unanimously agreed that this prohibition applies to both small and large quantities, as even a small amount leads to greater consumption. The wisdom behind this prohibition preserves the intellect, protects religion, maintains dignity, and safeguards society from the harms of intoxication.

Legal Rulings

All four schools of Islamic jurisprudence agree that consumption, trade, production, and transportation of intoxicants are strictly forbidden (haram).

The prohibition includes using intoxicants as medicine unless no alternative exists and it is prescribed by a trustworthy Muslim physician.

Scholars emphasize that whatever intoxicates in large quantities is forbidden in small quantities, closing any potential loopholes in this divine prohibition.