Hadith Prohibition of Perpetual Fasting

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prohibited perpetual fasting. They (the people) said: You keep perpetual fasting, Messenger of Allah. He said: My position is not like that of yours. I am provided with food and drink.

Scholarly Commentary (Tafsir)

This noble hadith from Sunan Abi Dawud (2360) establishes the prohibition of continuous fasting without breaking, known as "Wisal" in Islamic terminology. The Prophet's prohibition demonstrates the moderation inherent in Islamic law, protecting the believer from self-harm while maintaining spiritual discipline.

The companions' observation that the Prophet himself engaged in what appeared to be perpetual fasting highlights their keen attention to his practices. The divine response clarifies the unique spiritual status of prophethood - that the Prophet (ﷺ) received divine sustenance beyond ordinary human needs, enabling him to sustain such practices without physical detriment.

Classical scholars like Imam Nawawi explain that this hadith establishes the distinction between the obligatory duties of the Prophet and those of his ummah. While certain practices were permissible for him due to his special status, they remain prohibited for the general Muslim community to preserve health and maintain balance in worship.

Legal Ruling (Hukm)

The consensus of Islamic scholars holds that perpetual fasting is strictly prohibited (haram) for Muslims. This ruling protects the body from harm and ensures that worship does not become a means of self-destruction. The Shari'ah emphasizes preservation of life and health as fundamental objectives.

The maximum recommended fasting beyond Ramadan is the practice of Prophet Dawud (peace be upon him) - fasting every other day. This pattern allows the body necessary rest while maintaining spiritual discipline and closeness to Allah.

Spiritual Wisdom

This prohibition teaches us that Islam values balance (wasatiyyah) in all matters. Excessive austerity that harms the body contradicts the Islamic principle of preserving one's health. True worship should strengthen rather than weaken the believer's capacity to serve Allah and humanity.

The hadith also reminds us of the special status of prophethood while affirming that the Shari'ah is designed for human capability, not supernatural endurance. This makes Islam a practical and sustainable way of life for all people throughout generations.