Al-Adab Al-Mufrad
Book 14, Hadith 283
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللهِ، فَذَكَرُوا رَجُلاً، فَذَكَرُوا مِنْ خُلُقِهِ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ قَطَعْتُمْ رَأْسَهُ أَكُنْتُمْ تَسْتَطِيعُونَ أَنْ تُعِيدُوهُ؟ قَالُوا: لاَ، قَالَ: فَيَدُهُ؟ قَالُوا: لاَ، قَالَ: فَرِجْلُهُ؟ قَالُوا: لاَ، قَالَ: فَإِنَّكُمْ لاَ تَسْتَطِيعُونَ أَنْ تُغَيِّرُوا خُلُقَهُ حَتَّى تُغَيِّرُوا خَلْقَهُ، إِنَّ النُّطْفَةَ لَتَسْتَقِرُّ فِي الرَّحِمِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً، ثُمَّ تَنْحَدِرُ دَمًا، ثُمَّ تَكُونُ عَلَقَةً، ثُمَّ تَكُونُ مُضْغَةً، ثُمَّ يَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ مَلَكًا فَيُكْتَبُ رِزْقَهُ وَخُلُقَهُ، وَشَقِيًّا أَوْ سَعِيدًا.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Nu‘aym narrated to us: al-A‘mash narrated to us, from Malik ibn al-Harith, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Rabi‘a, who said: ‘We were sitting with ‘Abd Allah when they mentioned a man and spoke about his character. ‘Abd Allah said, “Tell me: if you cut off his head, could you put it back?” They said, “No.” He asked, “And his hand?” They said, “No.” He asked, “And his leg?” They said, “No.” He said, “Then you cannot change his character until you change his physical constitution. The drop of fluid remains settled in the womb for forty nights, then descends as blood, then becomes a clinging clot, then a morsel of flesh. Then Allah sends an angel, and his provision and character are recorded, along with whether he will be wretched or happy.”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The report’s wording links changing character to changing a person’s creation or physical constitution. The translation renders the biological terms without adding explanatory doctrine.
حَتَّى تُغَيِّرُوا خَلْقَهُ
خلق can refer broadly to a person's created form or constitution; the report contrasts it with character (خلق).
Would ‘created form’ better preserve the wordplay, or is ‘physical constitution’ clearer in context?