Al-Adab Al-Mufrad
Injustice
كتاب الظُّلْم
Chapter 225
بَابُ الظُّلْمُ ظُلُمَاتٌ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Bishr said: ‘Abd Allah related to us; Dawud ibn Qays related to us; ‘Ubayd Allah ibn Miqsam related to us: I heard Jabir ibn ‘Abd Allah say: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Beware of injustice, for injustice is layers of darkness on the Day of Resurrection. Beware of extreme greed, for it destroyed those before you and drove them to shed one another’s blood and deem their forbidden things lawful.”
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Hatim said: al-Hasan ibn Ja‘far related to us; al-Munkadir ibn Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir related to us, from his father, from Jabir, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “At the end of my community there will be transformation, pelting, and the earth swallowing people; it will begin with those who have committed injustices.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The terms describe transformation, pelting (with stones), and the earth swallowing people.
مَسْخٌ، وَقَذْفٌ، وَخَسْفٌ
These terms refer to forms of punishment, but the exact English rendering of qadhf and khasf may vary by context.
Are these descriptive terms preferable to a more literal transliteration?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ahmad ibn Yunus said: ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ibn al-Majishun related to us; ‘Abd Allah ibn Dinar informed me, from Ibn ‘Umar, from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: “Injustice is layers of darkness on the Day of Resurrection.”
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Musaddad and Ishaq said: Mu‘adh related to us; my father related to me, from Qatada, from Abu al-Mutawakkil al-Naji, from Abu Sa‘id, from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: “When the believers have been delivered from the Fire, they will be held at a bridge between the Garden and the Fire. They will settle accounts among themselves for the wrongs they committed in this world. When they have been cleansed and refined, they will be permitted to enter the Garden. By Him in whose hand is Muhammad’s soul, each of them will know his place in the Garden better than he knew it in this world.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
لَأَحَدُهُمْ بِمَنْزِلِهِ أَدَلُّ مِنْهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا
The comparative can convey being more certain or better guided to one’s dwelling/place.
Is ‘know his place better’ the clearest rendering of أدلّ here?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Musaddad said: Yahya related to us, from Ibn ‘Ajlan, from Sa‘id ibn Abi Sa‘id al-Maqburi, from Abu Hurayra, from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: “Beware of injustice, for injustice is layers of darkness on the Day of Resurrection. Beware of indecency, for Allah does not love the obscene and vulgar person. Beware of extreme greed, for it summoned those before you and they severed their ties of kinship; it summoned them and they deemed their forbidden things lawful.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
فَإِنَّهُ دَعَا مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ فَقَطَعُوا أَرْحَامَهُمْ، وَدَعَاهُمْ فَاسْتَحَلُّوا مَحَارِمَهُمْ
The Arabic personifies extreme greed as calling/summoning those before; the English witness recasts the causation and adds a statement about Allah summoning them.
Should this repeated ‘summoning’ phrasing remain literal, or be rendered causatively as the English witness does?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
‘Abd Allah ibn Maslamah related to us: Dawud ibn Qays related to us, from ‘Ubayd Allah ibn Miqsam, from Jabir, from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said: “Beware of injustice, for injustice will be layers of darkness on the Day of Resurrection. Beware of extreme greed, for it destroyed those who came before you and drove them to shed one another’s blood and to deem their forbidden things lawful.”
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu al-Duha said: Masruq and Shutayr ibn Shakal met in the mosque, and the circles of people sitting there gathered around them. Masruq said, “I think these people have gathered around us only to hear something good from us. Either you relate something from ‘Abd Allah and I will confirm you, or I relate something from ‘Abd Allah and you will confirm me.” He said, “Speak, Abu ‘A’ishah.” Masruq asked, “Did you hear ‘Abd Allah say, ‘The eyes commit fornication, the hands commit fornication, and the feet commit fornication; then the private parts either confirm that or deny it’?” He replied, “Yes.” Masruq said, “I heard him say it too. Did you hear ‘Abd Allah say, ‘There is no verse in the Qur’an that brings together what is lawful and unlawful, command and prohibition, more comprehensively than this verse: “Allah commands justice, excellence, and giving to relatives”’?” He replied, “Yes.” Masruq said, “I heard him say it too. Did you hear ‘Abd Allah say, ‘There is no verse in the Qur’an that brings relief more quickly than His words: “Whoever is mindful of Allah, He will make a way out for him”’?” He replied, “Yes.” Masruq said, “I heard him say it too. Did you hear ‘Abd Allah say, ‘There is no verse in the Qur’an that more strongly entrusts one’s affairs to Allah than His words: “O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of Allah’s mercy”’?” He replied, “Yes.” Masruq said, “I heard him say that too.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Qur’anic verse references appear in the English witness, not in the Arabic source, and are therefore omitted.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
‘Abd al-A‘la ibn Mushir related to us—or it reached me from him—that Sa‘id ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz related to us, from Rabi‘ah ibn Yazid, from Abu Idris al-Khawlani, from Abu Dharr, from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, reporting from Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, who said: “O My servants, I have forbidden injustice for Myself and made it forbidden among you, so do not wrong one another. O My servants, you are the ones who err by night and by day, and I forgive sins and do not mind; so ask Me for forgiveness and I will forgive you. O My servants, all of you are hungry except those whom I feed, so ask Me for food and I will feed you. O My servants, all of you are unclothed except those whom I clothe, so ask Me for clothing and I will clothe you. O My servants, if the first and last of you, and your humans and jinn, were all as devout as the most devout heart of any one of you, that would add nothing to My dominion. And if they were all as wicked as the most wicked heart of any one of you, that would diminish nothing of My dominion. If they all gathered on one plain and asked Me, and I gave each person among them what they asked for, that would diminish nothing of My dominion, except as the sea is diminished when a thread is dipped into it once. O My servants, these are your deeds; I reckon them for you. Whoever finds good, let him praise Allah; whoever finds otherwise, let him blame no one but himself.” Abu Idris would kneel on his knees whenever he related this hadith.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The opening preserves the source’s uncertainty: “or it reached me from him.” The final sentence about Abu Idris is the compiler’s report, outside the quoted divine address.
إِلاَّ كَمَا يَنْقُصُ الْبَحْرُ أَنْ يُغْمَسَ فِيهِ الْخَيْطُ غَمْسَةً وَاحِدَةً.
The Arabic noun الخيط means thread; the English witness instead says needle.
Should the Arabic wording be rendered as “thread” despite the English witness’s “needle”? The translation follows the Arabic.