Sahl ibn Sa'd related that the name which 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, liked best was Abu Turab and that he was happy when he was called that. Only the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called him that. One day 'Ali was cross with Fatima and went out and reclined against the wall of the mosque. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to look for him and was told that he was leaning against the wall. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went up to him and found that his back was covered with dust. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, began to wipe the dust off his back and said, 'Sit down Abu Turab (father of dust)!'"
The Virtue of Abu Turab
The kunya "Abu Turab" (Father of Dust) was bestowed upon 'Ali ibn Abi Talib by the Messenger of Allah himself, making it the most beloved of his names. This demonstrates the profound wisdom in how the Prophet nurtured his companions, transforming what might appear as a simple observation into an honorific title that reflects spiritual realities.
Scholarly Commentary
Imam al-Bukhari records this narration in his "Al-Adab Al-Mufrad" (Hadith 852) under the chapter of "Kunyas," indicating the importance of this incident in understanding prophetic etiquette. The scholars explain that the Prophet's act of wiping dust from 'Ali's back while giving him this kunya demonstrates both physical and spiritual cleansing.
The title "Abu Turab" carries deep symbolism - dust represents humility before Allah, and being connected to it signifies detachment from worldly prestige. 'Ali's happiness with this name shows his complete submission to the Prophet's guidance and his recognition of the spiritual honor contained within this apparently simple appellation.
Lessons in Spiritual Refinement
This incident teaches us that the Prophet used everyday situations to impart profound spiritual lessons. Rather than criticizing 'Ali for his anger or his dusty condition, the Prophet transformed the moment into an opportunity for gentle correction and elevation. The fact that only the Prophet used this name indicates its special status and the unique relationship between teacher and student.
The scholars note that 'Ali's preference for this name over his other honorific titles demonstrates the superior virtue of humility over worldly honors. It reminds believers that true nobility lies in submission to Allah's will and contentment with what Allah and His Messenger have chosen for us.