Al-Adab Al-Mufrad
Book 56, Hadith 4
حَدَّثَنَا مَطَرٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: شِرَارُ أُمَّتِي الثَّرْثَارُونَ، الْمُشَّدِّقُونَ، الْمُتَفَيْهِقُونَ، وَخِيَارُ أُمَّتِي أَحَاسِنُهُمْ أَخْلاقًا.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Matar related to us: Yazid related to us: al-Bara’ ibn Yazid related to us, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Shaqiq, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said: ‘The worst among my community are the excessive talkers, the affected speakers, and the arrogant boasters. The best among my community are those with the finest character.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The three terms are distinct: كثرة الكلام (thartharah), affected or expansive speech (mushaddiqun), and arrogant, overblown speech (mutafayhiqun).
الثَّرْثَارُونَ، الْمُشَّدِّقُونَ، الْمُتَفَيْهِقُونَ
The three rare descriptors overlap but are distinct; this translation preserves separate senses without claiming exact technical equivalents.
Should a short glossary distinguish these three rhetorical terms?