The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "O Allah! Bestow Your blessings on our Sham! O Allah! Bestow Your blessings on our Yemen." The People said, "And also on our Najd." He said, "O Allah! Bestow Your blessings on our Sham (north)! O Allah! Bestow Your blessings on our Yemen." The people said, "O Allah's Apostle! And also on our Najd." I think the third time the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "There (in Najd) is the place of earthquakes and afflictions and from there comes out the side of the head of Satan."
Hadith Text & Context
This narration from Sahih al-Bukhari 7094 records the Prophet's supplication for blessings upon Syria (Sham) and Yemen, while notably omitting Najd when requested by companions. This occurred during a time when various Arabian regions sought spiritual distinction.
Scholarly Commentary on the Supplication
Classical scholars like Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani explain that the Prophet's specific focus on Sham and Yemen indicates these regions' enduring spiritual significance in Islamic eschatology. Sham will remain a bastion of faith during end times, while Yemen will produce righteous scholars and leaders.
The repetition when companions mentioned Najd demonstrates the Prophet's deliberate omission, signaling divine wisdom in his selective blessings that transcends mere geographical preference.
Interpretation of Najd's Description
"Place of earthquakes and afflictions" refers to both physical tribulations and religious upheavals emerging from this region. Historical records show Najd produced several false prophets and extremist movements.
"Side of the head of Satan" symbolizes major trials and divisions originating therefrom. Scholars interpret this as predicting the emergence of deviant sects and political turmoil that would divide the Muslim ummah, particularly referencing the Kharijite movements and later extremist ideologies.
Eschatological Significance
This hadith from "Afflictions and the End of the World" serves as prophecy about regions of stability versus turmoil. Sham's blessing indicates its role as a refuge for believers during final tribulations, while Najd's description warns Muslims about sources of fitnah.
The differentiation teaches believers to discern between centers of orthodox Islam and sources of religious innovation, emphasizing the importance of adhering to communities preserving authentic tradition.