(the clerk of Al-Mughira bin Shu`ba) Once Al-Mughira dictated to me in a letter addressed to Muawiya that the Prophet (ﷺ) used to say after every compulsory prayer, "La ilaha illa l-lahu wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahu l-mulku wa lahu l-hamdu, wa huwa `ala kulli shay'in qadir. Allahumma la mani`a lima a`taita, wa la mu`tiya lima mana`ta, wa la yanfa`u dhal-jaddi minka l-jadd. [There is no Deity but Allah, Alone, no Partner to Him. His is the Kingdom and all praise, and Omnipotent is he. O Allah! Nobody can hold back what you gave, nobody can give what You held back, and no struggler's effort can benefit against You]." And Al-Hasan said, "Al-jadd' means prosperity [??]."
Hadith Commentary: The Comprehensive Supplication After Obligatory Prayers
This narration from Sahih al-Bukhari (844) through Al-Mughira bin Shu'ba establishes a profound practice of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) to recite this comprehensive supplication after every compulsory prayer. The systematic repetition after each fard prayer indicates its immense spiritual significance and the consistency of the Prophet's devotional practice.
Linguistic and Theological Analysis
"La ilaha illa l-lahu wahdahu la sharika lahu" reaffirms the absolute Oneness of Allah (Tawhid), negating any form of shirk (associating partners with Allah).
"Lahu l-mulku wa lahu l-hamdu" acknowledges Allah's complete sovereignty over creation and that all praise is due to Him alone, recognizing His perfect attributes.
"Wa huwa `ala kulli shay'in qadir" emphasizes Allah's omnipotence, strengthening the believer's reliance upon the Almighty.
Practical Wisdom in Daily Supplication
"Allahumma la mani`a lima a`taita" teaches complete submission to Allah's decree, acknowledging that none can prevent what Allah has willed to give.
"Wa la mu`tiya lima mana`ta" reinforces that none can grant what Allah has withheld, cultivating contentment with divine apportionment.
The clarification by Al-Hasan that "al-jadd" means prosperity or serious effort reminds believers that worldly striving alone cannot achieve what Allah has not decreed, thus directing reliance properly toward the Divine.
Spiritual Benefits and Implementation
This comprehensive dhikr encapsulates the essence of Islamic monotheism while providing psychological comfort by reminding the worshipper of Allah's complete control over affairs.
Scholars recommend maintaining this practice consistently after each obligatory prayer to internalize these fundamental truths and strengthen one's relationship with the Creator throughout the day.