Once the Iqama was pronounced and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) faced us and said, "Straighten your rows and stand closer together, for I see you from behind my back.'
Hadith Text & Context
"Once the Iqama was pronounced and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) faced us and said, 'Straighten your rows and stand closer together, for I see you from behind my back.'" (Sahih al-Bukhari 719)
This narration occurs in the Book of Call to Prayers (Adhaan) and demonstrates the Prophet's meticulous attention to congregational prayer formation.
Scholarly Commentary on Row Straightening
Imam al-Nawawi explains that straightening rows is a confirmed Sunnah (mu'akkadah) and an essential component of prayer perfection. The command indicates this is a collective obligation (fard kifayah) upon the congregation.
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in Fath al-Bari notes that the phrase "I see you from behind my back" demonstrates either divine illumination granted to the Prophet or refers to his ability to perceive the state of the rows through spiritual insight, despite his physical orientation toward the qiblah.
Legal Rulings & Spiritual Significance
Scholars derive from this hadith that imams should ensure proper row formation before commencing prayer. The instruction to "stand closer together" eliminates gaps that Satan exploits, as mentioned in other narrations.
Al-Qurtubi emphasizes that straight rows symbolize Muslim unity, discipline, and submission to divine command. The physical alignment reflects spiritual harmony and prevents discord within the congregation.
Practical Implementation
Classical scholars specify that shoulders and ankles should be aligned, with no spaces between worshippers. The first row should be filled completely before beginning subsequent rows.
This teaching extends beyond ritual prayer to encompass general Muslim conduct - maintaining order, cooperation, and mutual consideration in all collective affairs.