The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade us to drink out of gold and silver vessels, or eat in it, Ann also forbade the wearing of silk and Dibaj or sitting on it.
Prohibition of Gold and Silver Vessels
The prohibition against using gold and silver vessels for eating and drinking stems from the principle of avoiding extravagance and ostentation. Such vessels are symbols of worldly luxury that contradict the Islamic values of modesty and humility. The Prophet (ﷺ) sought to distance the Muslim community from practices that could lead to arrogance or class distinctions.
Scholars have unanimously agreed that this prohibition applies to both men and women, though some have made exceptions for women's jewelry due to their specific permissions in adornment. The prohibition extends to any vessel where the interior is lined with gold or silver, even if the exterior is made of other materials.
Prohibition of Silk Garments
The forbiddance of wearing silk (harir) and dibaj (a thick, luxurious silk) is specifically directed toward men in Islamic law. Silk is considered a feminine adornment, and its wearing by men imitates women, which the Prophet (ﷺ) strongly prohibited. Additionally, silk represents excessive luxury that is inappropriate for Muslim men who should embody simplicity and detachment from worldly pleasures.
Scholars have noted exceptions for medical necessity, where silk may be permitted if required for treatment of skin conditions or other ailments. Women, however, are permitted to wear silk as it falls within their allowed adornments, reflecting the complementary nature of Islamic rulings between genders.
Prohibition of Sitting on Silk
The extension of the prohibition to sitting on silk furnishings continues the theme of avoiding luxury and extravagance. This includes silk carpets, cushions, and other furnishings that would bring the body into direct contact with this prohibited material for men.
Classical scholars have explained that this prohibition serves to cultivate contentment with simple living and prevents the heart from becoming attached to worldly pleasures. The accumulation of such luxurious items can lead to pride and distance from the remembrance of Allah and the hereafter.
Wisdom Behind These Prohibitions
These prohibitions collectively serve to purify the Muslim community from practices associated with pre-Islamic arrogance and class distinction. They encourage moderation in lifestyle and redirect wealth toward more beneficial purposes such as charity, family support, and community development.
The rulings reflect Islam's comprehensive approach to regulating not only worship but also daily habits and social interactions, ensuring that every aspect of life aligns with Islamic values of modesty, contentment, and social justice.