Hadith on Beard and Moustache from Sahih al-Bukhari

The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said: "Cut the moustaches short and leave the beard (as it is)." (Sahih al-Bukhari 5893)

Scholarly Commentary on the Command

This hadith establishes two distinct rulings regarding facial hair: trimming the moustache and preserving the beard in its natural state. Scholars consider this among the emphasized traditions (sunan mu'akkadah) related to male grooming.

The command to "leave the beard" signifies letting it grow naturally without shaving or significantly shortening it. Classical scholars like Imam Nawawi explained this means not cutting what naturally grows on the cheeks and jaw.

Regarding moustaches, the instruction to "cut them short" prevents interference with eating, drinking, and purification rituals. Scholars differ on the exact method but agree it should not overhang the lip.

Legal Rulings and Scholarly Opinions

The majority of scholars, including the Hanafi, Maliki, and Hanbali schools, consider growing the beard obligatory (wajib) based on this and other authentic narrations.

Some scholars, particularly from the Shafi'i school, view it as a strongly recommended practice (sunnah mu'akkadah) rather than obligatory, though all agree it is a distinctive characteristic of Muslim men.

The wisdom behind this command includes distinguishing Muslim men from non-believers, maintaining natural creation, and following the prophetic example in appearance.

Contemporary Applications

Modern scholars emphasize that the beard should be kept neat and clean, as Islam promotes cleanliness and good appearance. Trimming uneven hairs or slightly shaping the beard is permitted to maintain cleanliness.

The prohibition applies to completely shaving the beard, while moderate trimming to maintain orderliness is acceptable according to most contemporary scholars.