The Prohibition of Taking Back Gifts

This hadith from Sahih al-Bukhari (2589) employs a powerful simile to illustrate the reprehensible nature of retracting a gift once given. The comparison to a dog returning to its vomit conveys the utter degradation and spiritual filth of such an action.

Scholarly Commentary

Imam al-Nawawi explains that this prohibition applies to all gifts, whether given to relatives or strangers, except in the case of a parent taking back from a child, which some scholars permit due to the parent's superior rights.

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani notes that the severity of this imagery serves to deter Muslims from this ignoble practice, as it violates the spirit of generosity and creates enmity among people.

The Hanafi school makes an exception for gifts given in expectation of inheritance, while the majority of scholars maintain the general prohibition based on this clear textual evidence.

Legal Implications

Once a gift is delivered and accepted, it becomes the absolute property of the recipient. The giver has no legal or moral right to reclaim it, except in the specific case of a parent taking from a child as mentioned.

This ruling emphasizes the importance of fulfilling commitments and maintaining the sanctity of voluntary transfers of property in Islamic law.

Spiritual Dimensions

The hadith teaches that gifts should be given purely for Allah's pleasure, without expectation of return or benefit. Taking back a gift nullifies the spiritual reward and demonstrates regret over an act of charity.

This prohibition protects social harmony and encourages Muslims to cultivate noble character by honoring their commitments and practicing sincere generosity.