Good Manners and Form (Al-Adab)

Sahih al-Bukhari - Hadith 6029

Hadith Text

Abdullah bin 'Amr mentioned Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying that he was neither a Fahish nor a Mutafahish. Abdullah bin 'Amr added, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'The best among you are those who have the best manners and character.'

Scholarly Commentary

The term "Fahish" refers to one who utters obscene or foul speech, while "Mutafahish" denotes one who actively seeks out or propagates such indecent talk. The Prophet's distance from both qualities demonstrates the comprehensive nature of his moral excellence.

This hadith establishes that true superiority in Islam is measured not by lineage, wealth, or knowledge alone, but by the perfection of one's character and conduct. The best of people are those who embody the highest ethical standards in their dealings with both Allah and His creation.

Islamic scholars emphasize that good character encompasses all virtues: truthfulness, patience, generosity, humility, and avoiding harm to others. This teaching aligns with the Quranic description of the Prophet: "And indeed, you are of a great moral character" (Quran 68:4).

Practical Application

Muslims are instructed to purify their speech from all forms of obscenity, vulgarity, and inappropriate joking. The believer's tongue should be employed in remembrance of Allah, speaking truth, and promoting goodness.

This teaching encourages continuous self-reformation and cultivation of noble qualities. The pursuit of excellent character is considered a form of worship that brings one closer to Allah and earns great reward in the Hereafter.