Safiya bint (daughter of) Huyai came to the Prophet (in the mosque), and when she returned (home), the Prophet (ﷺ) accompanied her. It happened that two men from the Ansar passed by them and the Prophet called them saying, "She is Safiya!" those two men said, "Subhan Allah!" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Satan circulates in the human body as blood does."
Hadith Text & Context
Safiya bint Huyai came to the Prophet (in the mosque), and when she returned (home), the Prophet (ﷺ) accompanied her. It happened that two men from the Ansar passed by them and the Prophet called them saying, "She is Safiya!" those two men said, "Subhan Allah!" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Satan circulates in the human body as blood does."
This narration from Sahih al-Bukhari 7171 in the Book of Judgments (Ahkaam) demonstrates the Prophet's wisdom in preempting suspicion and clarifying matters before misconceptions arise.
Scholarly Commentary
The Prophet's declaration "She is Safiya!" served to immediately identify his wife and prevent any improper thoughts or suspicions in the hearts of the two Companions. Their exclamation "Subhan Allah!" expressed astonishment that anyone could entertain negative thoughts about the Prophet's character.
The profound statement "Satan circulates in the human body as blood does" illustrates how easily whispers and doubts can enter the human heart. Just as blood permeates every part of the body, Satan's influence can reach every aspect of human perception and thought.
Scholars explain this hadith teaches important principles: the permissibility of a man walking with his wife at night, the importance of transparency to avoid suspicion, and recognition of human vulnerability to Satan's whispers that must be countered with remembrance of Allah.
Legal & Spiritual Implications
This incident establishes the Islamic principle of taking preventive measures against potential fitnah (trial/temptation) by making matters clear before misunderstandings develop.
The comparison of Satan's circulation to blood flow emphasizes the constant need for spiritual vigilance (muraqabah) and the importance of filling one's heart with dhikr (remembrance of Allah) to counteract negative influences.
Scholars derive from this that while evil whispers may naturally occur, the believer is not accountable for them unless they are entertained and acted upon. The proper response is to seek refuge in Allah and clarify ambiguous situations.