The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, "The best charity is that which is practiced by a wealthy person. And start giving first to your dependents."
Hadith Text and Context
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "The best charity is that which is practiced by a wealthy person. And start giving first to your dependents." (Sahih al-Bukhari 1426)
This noble hadith from the chapter "Obligatory Charity Tax (Zakat)" in Sahih al-Bukhari establishes two fundamental principles of Islamic charity: the superiority of giving from surplus wealth and the prioritization of one's immediate family in charitable distribution.
Commentary on Wealthy Person's Charity
Scholars explain that charity from the wealthy is superior because it requires greater sacrifice of worldly attachment and demonstrates true reliance on Allah. The wealthy person gives from what they could have enjoyed, while the poor often give from necessity.
Imam Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani notes in Fath al-Bari that this superiority applies specifically to voluntary charity (sadaqah), not obligatory zakat, as zakat is required from all who meet the nisab threshold regardless of wealth level.
Priority to Dependents
The command to "start giving first to your dependents" establishes a hierarchy in charitable giving. Scholars define dependents as those whom one is obligated to support - including parents, children, spouse, and close relatives in need.
This prioritization ensures basic family obligations are fulfilled before extending charity outward. Providing for one's family is considered an ongoing charity (sadaqah jariyah) that brings continuous reward.
Practical Application
This teaching emphasizes that Islamic charity begins at home. A Muslim should ensure their family's needs are met before giving to others, as neglecting family obligations while giving charity outwardly is contrary to this Prophetic guidance.
The wisdom behind this approach maintains social cohesion, strengthens family bonds, and ensures that the most vulnerable in society - one's own dependents - are cared for first, creating a stable foundation for broader community welfare.