Virtues of Madinah - Sahih al-Bukhari 1873

This narration from the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) establishes the sanctity of Madinah as a sacred sanctuary (haram), similar to the sanctity of Makkah. The prohibition against chasing or disturbing wildlife within its boundaries reflects the comprehensive protection afforded to all inhabitants of this blessed city.

The Sanctuary Status of Madinah

The Prophet's declaration that Madinah is "a sanctuary between its two mountains" grants it a special legal and spiritual status. This protection extends not only to human residents but also to its flora and fauna, as evidenced by the companion's statement about not chasing deer.

This teaching instills respect for all life within Madinah's boundaries and emphasizes the city's unique position in Islam as a place of peace and security, where even animals are safe from harm when they enter its sacred precincts.

Scholarly Commentary

Classical scholars explain that the sanctuary status of Madinah prohibits hunting, cutting trees, and carrying weapons for fighting within its boundaries. This protection was established by divine decree through the Prophet's declaration.

The mention of "two mountains" refers to the natural boundaries of Mount 'Air and Mount Thawr, which demarcate the sacred area. This geographical specification provides clear parameters for where these special regulations apply.

The companion's statement demonstrates how the early Muslims internalized and implemented the Prophet's teachings, showing utmost respect for the sanctity of Madinah in both word and deed.