Witnesses

Hajjaj narrated to us: ʿAbdullah ibn ʿUmar al-Numayri narrated to us: Yunus narrated to us. Al-Layth said: Yunus narrated to me, from Ibn Shihab, who said: ʿUrwa, Ibn al-Musayyab, ʿAlqama ibn Waqqas, and ʿUbaydullah informed me, from the report of ʿAisha, may Allah be pleased with her; some of their reports corroborate one another. When the slanderers spoke against her, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ summoned ʿAli and Usama after the revelation had been delayed, seeking their counsel about separating from his wife. Usama said: “Your family; we know only good of them.” Barira said: “I know of nothing to criticize in her except that she is a young girl who sleeps through her household’s dough, and then the domestic animal comes and eats it.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Who will excuse me concerning a man whose harm against my household has reached me? By Allah, I know nothing but good of my family, and they have mentioned a man of whom I know nothing but good.”

Abu al-Yaman informed us: Shuʿayb informed us, from al-Zuhri, who said: Salim said: I heard ʿAbdullah ibn ʿUmar, may Allah be pleased with them both, say: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Ubayy ibn Kaʿb al-Ansari went toward the palm grove where Ibn Sayyad was. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered, he began taking cover behind the palm trunks, trying to hear something from Ibn Sayyad before he saw him. Ibn Sayyad was reclining on his bed, wrapped in a patterned blanket, making a low sound—or muttering. Ibn Sayyad’s mother saw the Prophet ﷺ taking cover behind the palm trunks and said to Ibn Sayyad: “Saf—this is Muhammad.” Ibn Sayyad became cautious. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Had she left him, he would have made it clear.”

ʿAbdullah ibn Muhammad narrated to us: Sufyan narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from ʿUrwa, from ʿAisha, may Allah be pleased with her: The wife of Rifaʿa al-Qurazi came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: “I was with Rifaʿa, and he divorced me with a final divorce. Then I married ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn al-Zubayr, but he has only something like a garment’s fringe.” He said: “Do you want to return to Rifaʿa? No, not until you taste his sweetness and he tastes yours.” Abu Bakr was sitting with him, while Khalid ibn Saʿid ibn al-ʿAs was at the door waiting to be admitted. He said: “Abu Bakr, do you hear how openly this woman speaks in the presence of the Prophet ﷺ?”

Hibban informed us: ʿAbdullah informed us: ʿUmar ibn Saʿid ibn Abi Husayn informed us, saying: ʿAbdullah ibn Abi Mulayka informed me, from ʿUqba ibn al-Harith: He married a daughter of Abu Ihab ibn ʿAziz. A woman came to him and said: “I breastfed ʿUqba and the woman he married.” ʿUqba said to her: “I do not know that you breastfed me, and you never told me.” He sent to Abu Ihab’s family to ask them, and they said: “We do not know that our woman breastfed him.” So he rode to the Prophet ﷺ in Medina and asked him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “How can you, when it has been said?” He separated from her, and she married another husband.

al-Hakam ibn Nafiʿ informed us: Shuʿayb informed us, from al-Zuhri, who said: Humayd ibn ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn ʿAwf narrated to me that ʿAbdullah ibn ʿUtba said: I heard ʿUmar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, say: Some people used to be judged by revelation during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Revelation has now ceased, and we judge you only by what of your deeds appears to us. Whoever displays good, we trust him and draw him near; we have no access to his inner state—Allah will call him to account for it. Whoever displays evil, we do not trust him or believe him, even if he says his inner state is good.

Sulayman ibn Harb narrated to us: Hammad ibn Zayd narrated to us, from Thabit, from Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: A funeral passed by the Prophet ﷺ and they spoke well of the deceased. He said: “It has been confirmed.” Then another passed by, and they spoke ill of its deceased—or said something else—and he said: “It has been confirmed.” They said: “Messenger of Allah, you said ‘It has been confirmed’ for this one and for that one?” He said: “The people’s testimony; the believers are Allah’s witnesses on earth.”

Musa ibn Ismaʿil narrated to us: Dawud ibn Abi al-Furat narrated to us: ʿAbdullah ibn Burayda narrated to us, from Abu al-Aswad, who said: I came to Medina during an outbreak of illness, while people were dying rapidly. I sat with ʿUmar, may Allah be pleased with him. A funeral passed by and people praised its deceased, so ʿUmar said: “It has been confirmed.” Then another passed by and they praised its deceased, and he said: “It has been confirmed.” Then a third passed by and they spoke ill of its deceased, and he said: “It has been confirmed.” I said: “What has been confirmed, Commander of the Faithful?” He said: “I said what the Prophet ﷺ said: ‘Any Muslim for whom four people testify to good, Allah admits to Paradise.’” We asked: “And three?” He said: “And three.” I asked: “And two?” He said: “And two.” Then we did not ask him about one.

Adam narrated to us: Shuʿba informed us: al-Hakam narrated to us, from ʿIrak ibn Malik, from ʿUrwa ibn al-Zubayr, from ʿAisha, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: Aflah asked permission to enter, but I did not permit him. He said: “Do you veil yourself from me when I am your paternal uncle?” I asked: “How is that?” He said: “My brother’s wife breastfed you with my brother’s milk.” She said: I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about that, and he said: “Aflah is right; permit him.”

Muslim ibn Ibrahim narrated to us: Hammam narrated to us: Qatada narrated to us, from Jabir ibn Zayd, from Ibn ʿAbbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: Regarding Hamza’s daughter, the Prophet ﷺ said: “She is not lawful for me. What becomes unlawful through breastfeeding is what becomes unlawful through lineage; she is the daughter of my foster brother.”

ʿAbdullah ibn Yusuf informed us: Malik informed us, from ʿAbdullah ibn Abi Bakr, from ʿAmra bint ʿAbd al-Rahman, that ʿAisha, may Allah be pleased with her, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, told her: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was with me when I heard a man asking permission to enter Hafsa’s house. I said: “Messenger of Allah, I think it is so-and-so, Hafsa’s foster uncle.” ʿAisha said: “Messenger of Allah, this is a man asking permission to enter your house.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “I think it is so-and-so, her foster uncle.” ʿAisha said: “If so-and-so, her foster uncle, were alive, would he be allowed to enter upon me?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Yes. Breastfeeding makes unlawful what birth makes unlawful.”

Muhammad ibn Kathir informed us: Sufyan informed us, from Ashʿath ibn Abi al-Shaʿtha, from his father, from Masruq, that ʿAisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: The Prophet ﷺ entered while a man was with me. He said: “ʿAisha, who is this?” I said: “My brother through breastfeeding.” He said: “ʿAisha, look carefully into who your foster brothers are, for breastfeeding is only through hunger.” Ibn Mahdi also narrated it from Sufyan.

Ismaʿil narrated to us, saying: Ibn Wahb narrated to me, from Yunus. Al-Layth said: Yunus narrated to me, from Ibn Shihab, who informed me that ʿUrwa ibn al-Zubayr said: A woman stole during the campaign of the Conquest, and she was brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He then ordered that her hand be cut off. ʿAisha said: Her repentance was good, and she married. After that she would come, and I would take her needs to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.

Yahya ibn Bukayr narrated to us: al-Layth narrated to us, from ʿUqayl, from Ibn Shihab, from ʿUbaydullah ibn ʿAbdullah, from Zayd ibn Khalid, may Allah be pleased with him, from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: He ordered that one who committed unlawful sexual intercourse without having been previously married be given one hundred lashes and banished for a year.

ʿAbdan informed us: ʿAbdullah informed us: Abu Hayyan al-Taymi narrated to us, from al-Shaʿbi, from al-Nuʿman ibn Bashir, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: My mother asked my father to give me a gift from his property. He then decided to do so and gave it to me. She said: “I will not be satisfied until you make the Prophet ﷺ a witness.” He took me by the hand—I was a boy—and brought me to the Prophet ﷺ. He said: “His mother, the daughter of Rawaha, asked me to give this boy a gift.” He asked: “Do you have other children besides him?” He said: “Yes.” The narrator thought he said: “Do not make me a witness to injustice.” Abu Hariz also reported from al-Shaʿbi: “I will not testify to injustice.”

Adam narrated to us: Shuʿba narrated to us: Abu Jamra narrated to us, saying: I heard Zahdam ibn Mudarrib say: I heard ʿImran ibn Husayn, may Allah be pleased with them both, say: The Prophet ﷺ said: “The best of you are my generation, then those who follow them, then those who follow them.” ʿImran said: I do not know whether the Prophet ﷺ then mentioned two generations or three. The Prophet ﷺ said: “After you will come people who betray and are not trusted, who testify without being asked to testify, who make vows but do not fulfill them, and among whom corpulence will appear.”

Muhammad ibn Kathir informed us: Sufyan informed us, from Mansur, from Ibrahim, from ʿAbida, from ʿAbdullah, may Allah be pleased with him, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said: “The best of people are my generation, then those who follow them, then those who follow them. Then people will come whose testimony precedes their oath, and whose oath precedes their testimony.” Ibrahim said: They used to discipline us concerning testimony and pledges.

ʿAbdullah ibn Munir heard Wahb ibn Jarir and ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Ibrahim, who said: Shuʿba narrated to us, from ʿUbaydullah ibn Abi Bakr ibn Anas, from Anas, may Allah be pleased with him: The Prophet ﷺ was asked about the grave sins. He said: “Associating partners with Allah, being undutiful to one’s parents, taking a life, and giving false testimony.” Gundar, Abu ʿAmir, Bahz, and ʿAbd al-Samad also transmitted it from Shuʿba.

Musaddad narrated to us: Bishr ibn al-Mufaddal narrated to us: al-Jurayri narrated to us, from ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakra, from his father, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Prophet ﷺ said three times: “Shall I tell you about the greatest of the grave sins?” They said: “Certainly, Messenger of Allah.” He said: “Associating partners with Allah and being undutiful to one’s parents.” He sat up, having been reclining, and said: “And beware: false speech.” He kept repeating it until we said: “If only he would stop.” Ismaʿil ibn Ibrahim said: al-Jurayri narrated to us: ʿAbd al-Rahman narrated to us.