Sunan Ibn Majah
Sunan Ibn Majah 1734
حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي سَهْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ الْمَدِينَةَ فَوَجَدَ الْيَهُودَ صُيَّامًا. فَقَالَ: " مَا هَذَا؟ " . قَالُوا: هَذَا يَوْمٌ أَنْجَى اللَّهُ فِيهِ مُوسَى، وَأَغْرَقَ فِيهِ فِرْعَوْنَ، فَصَامَهُ مُوسَى شُكْرًا . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ " نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِمُوسَى مِنْكُمْ " . فَصَامَهُ، وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Sahl ibn Abi Sahl narrated to us; Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from Ayyub, from Sa‘id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Medina and found the Jews fasting. He asked, ‘What is this?’ They said, ‘This is a day on which Allah saved Musa and drowned Pharaoh, so Musa fasted it in gratitude.’ The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, ‘We have more right to Musa than you.’ So he fasted it and commanded that it be fasted.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source describes the day without naming it here.