Sunan Ibn Majah
The Chapters on Pre-emption
كتاب الشفعة
Chapter 1
مَنْ بَاعَ رِبَاعًا فَلْيُؤْذِنْ شَرِيكَهُ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Hisham ibn Ammar and Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah both narrated to us: Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever has date palms or land should not sell them until he has first offered them to his partner.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic includes date palms or land and requires that the partner be offered the property before sale.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ahmad ibn Sinan and al-Ala ibn Salim both narrated to us: Yazid ibn Harun narrated to us: Sharik informed us, from Simak, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said, “Whoever has land and wishes to sell it should offer it to his neighbor.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
This wording specifies the neighbor as the person to whom the land should be offered.
Chapter 2
الشُّفْعَةِ بِالْجِوَارِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Hushaym narrated to us: Abd al-Malik informed us, from Ata, from Jabir ibn Abdullah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “A neighbor has the stronger claim to pre-emption against his neighbor. He should be awaited, even if absent, when they share one access road.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic refers to shufah, the neighbor right of pre-emption, and makes the shared road a condition. The absent neighbor is to be given time to exercise that right.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Ali ibn Muhammad both narrated to us: Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from Ibrahim ibn Maysarah, from Amr ibn al-Sharid, from Abu Rafi, that the Prophet ﷺ said, “A neighbor has the stronger claim to what adjoins him.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic uses سقبه, what is adjacent or near; the English witness similarly interprets it as nearby property.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Abu Usamah narrated to us, from Husayn al-Muallim, from Amr ibn Shuaib, from Amr ibn al-Sharid ibn Suwayd, from his father al-Sharid ibn Suwayd, who said: I said, “Messenger of Allah, what about land in which no one else has a share or partnership, but which has neighboring properties?” He said, “A neighbor has the stronger claim to what adjoins him.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic describes land in which no one else has an ownership share or partnership, with only neighborhood as the connection. The response repeats the term for adjoining property.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Yahya and Abd al-Rahman ibn Umar both narrated to us: Abu Asim narrated to us: Malik ibn Anas narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Said ibn al-Musayyab and Abu Salamah ibn Abd al-Rahman, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that the right of pre-emption applies to property not yet divided. Once boundaries have been set, there is no right of pre-emption.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic conditions pre-emption on the property remaining undivided and ends the right once boundaries are established. The two transmitters after al-Zuhri are retained.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Hammad al-Tihirani narrated to us: Abu Asim narrated to us, from Malik, from al-Zuhri, from Said ibn al-Musayyab and Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet ﷺ, with a report like the preceding one. Abu Asim said: The route through Said ibn al-Musayyab is mursal; the route through Abu Salamah from Abu Hurayrah is connected.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic preserves Abu Asim source-critical comment on the chains: Sa id route is mursal (the Companion link is omitted), while Abu Salamah route is connected. This assessment is part of the source text.
Chapter 3
إِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْحُدُودُ فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abdullah ibn al-Jarrah narrated to us: Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from Ibrahim ibn Maysarah, from Amr ibn al-Sharid, from Abu Rafi, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “A partner has the stronger claim to what adjoins him for as long as the partnership remains.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic conditions the partner preference on the partnership continuing and refers to adjacent property.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us: Abd al-Razzaq narrated to us, from Mamar, from al-Zuhri, from Abu Salamah, from Jabir ibn Abdullah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ granted the right of pre-emption in every case where property has not been divided. Once boundaries have been set and access roads laid out, there is no right of pre-emption.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic specifies two conditions ending pre-emption: boundaries are established and routes are laid out.
Chapter 4
طَلَبِ الشُّفْعَةِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Bashshar narrated to us: Muhammad ibn al-Harith narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Baylamani, from his father, from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “The right of pre-emption is like untying a binding.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic comparison is مختصر: pre-emption is like undoing an iqal, a binding or tether. The image is preserved without specifying the object being unbound.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Suwayd ibn Said narrated to us: He said: Muhammad ibn al-Harith narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Baylamani, from his father, from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “A partner has no right of pre-emption against another partner when the latter has already preceded him in the purchase; nor does a minor or an absent person have such a right.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic gives a condition of being preceded in purchase and then excludes a minor and an absent person. The relation of the pronoun in سبقه is compressed; the translation follows the English witness sense without adding details about the prior transaction.