Abu Huraira reported God's messenger as saying, “Every bone of men’s fingers and toes must give sadaqa every day the sun rises. If one gives justice between two men it is sadaqa; if one helps a man with his beast, loading or lifting* his goods on it, it is sadaqa; a good word is sadaqa; every step one takes towards prayer is sadaqa; and if anyone removes anything injurious from the road it is sadaqa.”(Bukhari and Muslim.)* Mirqat suggests that the transmitter says 'loading or lifting', being doubtful which word was used.
The Comprehensive Nature of Sadaqa
This noble hadith from Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, as recorded in Mishkat al-Masabih 1896, expands the conventional understanding of charity (sadaqa). The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) teaches that sadaqa is not limited to monetary giving but encompasses every righteous deed that benefits creation.
Daily Obligation of Gratitude
The statement "every bone of men's fingers and toes must give sadaqa every day the sun rises" indicates that our very physical existence creates daily opportunities for gratitude through service. Each joint and limb should be utilized in acts pleasing to Allah, transforming ordinary movements into worship.
Categories of Non-Monetary Charity
Justice Between People: Acting as a fair mediator in disputes is considered sadaqa, emphasizing the social dimension of faith and the importance of establishing justice in human relationships.
Physical Assistance: Helping others with their animals or belongings—whether loading or lifting—demonstrates that manual help and easing others' burdens are forms of worship.
Spoken Goodness: A kind word, advice, or teaching beneficial knowledge all qualify as sadaqa, showing the power of speech in building community.
Walking to Prayer: Each step toward the mosque for congregational prayer is recorded as charity, linking physical worship with spiritual reward.
Public Service: Removing harmful objects from pathways protects others and serves the community, making civic responsibility an act of worship.
Scholarly Commentary
Classical scholars explain that this hadith demonstrates the mercy of Allah in providing numerous ways to earn reward. Even those with limited means can participate in the spiritual economy of sadaqa through their actions, words, and intentions. The comprehensive nature of these acts shows that Islamic worship integrates all aspects of human life into divine service.