Abu Talha saw Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) lying down upon his belly in the mosque. He came to Umm Sulaim and said: I saw Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) lying down upon the belly in the mosque, and I think he is hungry. The rest of the hadith is the same (but with the addition of these words) that Allah's messenger (ﷺ) ate (the food) and so did Abu Talha, Umm Sulaim and Anas b. Malik, but there was left some. thing which we presented to our neighbours.
Hadith Commentary: The Book of Drinks
Sahih Muslim 2040g - This narration from Abu Talha demonstrates the noble character and humble disposition of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). His lying upon his belly in the mosque indicated physical weakness from hunger, yet he maintained his dignity and did not complain.
Scholarly Analysis
The Prophet's condition reveals the austerity and simplicity of his life, despite being the leader of the Muslim community. His companions, like Abu Talha, possessed keen spiritual insight to recognize his need without explicit statement.
Umm Sulaim's immediate response with whatever food was available exemplifies the virtue of hospitality and caring for Allah's Messenger. The communal eating reflects Islamic teachings of sharing blessings and strengthening bonds.
Juridical Implications
This hadith establishes the permissibility of eating in the mosque when necessary, contrary to some strict interpretations. The leftover food being given to neighbors teaches the importance of maintaining good relations with neighbors and sharing Allah's blessings.
The Prophet's acceptance of the food without questioning its source indicates trust in his companions and demonstrates that when intentions are pure, Allah provides sustenance through lawful means.