We were one hundred and thirty (persons) with Allah's Apostle (ﷺ). Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said: Does any one of You possess food? There was a person with (us) who had a sa' of flour or something about that, and it was kneaded. Then a tall polytheist with dishevelled hair came driving his flock of sheep. Thereupon Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said: Would you like to sell it (any one of these goats) or offer it as a gift or a present? He said: No, (I am not prepared to offer as a gift), but I would sell it. He (the Holy Prophet) bought a sheep from him, and it was slaughtered and its meat was prepared, and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) commanded that its liver should be roasted. He (the narrator) said: By Allah, none among one hundred and thirty persons was left whom Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had not given a part out of her liver; if anyone was present he gave it to him. but if he was absent it was set aside for him. And he (the Holy Prophet) filled two bowls (one with soup and the other with mutton) and we all ate out of them to our hearts' content, but (still) some part was (left) in (those) two bowls, and I placed it on the camel- (or words to the same effect).
Miracle of Multiplication
This narration from Sahih Muslim 2056 demonstrates a manifest miracle (mu'jizah) of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, where a small quantity of food - a single sheep - sufficed for 130 companions through divine blessing.
Prophetic Etiquette in Transactions
The Prophet ﷺ inquired whether the shepherd would sell, gift, or present the sheep, demonstrating the Islamic principle of clear consent in transactions and avoiding any form of coercion.
He respected the shepherd's right to refuse gifting and proceeded with a proper sale, establishing the sunnah of fair trade even with non-Muslims.
Distribution of Blessings
The specific mention of liver roasting and distribution shows the Prophet's ﷺ meticulous care for his companions, ensuring each received a portion of this blessed meat.
The preservation of portions for absent companions reflects the comprehensive justice and consideration the Prophet ﷺ showed to all members of his community.
Divine Abundance
The miraculous abundance where 130 people ate their fill yet leftovers remained demonstrates that barakah (blessing) follows obedience to Allah and His Messenger.
This event serves as proof of prophethood and Allah's support for His chosen messenger through tangible miracles that defy ordinary natural laws.