The Prohibition of All Intoxicants

This comprehensive statement establishes that every substance causing intoxication, regardless of its source or name, falls under the category of Khamr (wine) and is therefore categorically forbidden in Islamic law.

Scholarly Commentary

The term "Khamr" linguistically means "that which covers" - referring to how intoxication covers and impairs the intellect. The Prophet (peace be upon him) explicitly extended this prohibition beyond grape wine to include all intoxicating substances.

This ruling is based on the principle of blocking the means to evil (sadd al-dhara'i), as intoxicants lead to neglect of prayers, immoral behavior, and damage to society. The prohibition applies regardless of quantity - even a small amount is forbidden if it causes intoxication.

Modern scholars have applied this ruling to contemporary substances including narcotics, drugs, and any chemical compounds that impair mental faculties, maintaining the original wisdom of preserving human intellect and dignity.

Legal Implications

This prohibition includes manufacturing, selling, transporting, and consuming intoxicants. The ruling applies equally to liquids and solids, natural and synthetic substances.

The wisdom behind this prohibition includes: protection of the mind (aql), preservation of religion, protection of wealth, maintenance of honor, and safeguarding society from the harms of intoxication.