The Book of Oaths - Sahih Muslim 1662

This noble hadith from Sahih Muslim establishes the fundamental rights of slaves in Islamic law, demonstrating the elevated ethical standards Islam brought to seventh-century Arabia.

Commentary on Basic Provisions

The command to feed the slave properly indicates they must receive nourishment equivalent to what the owner consumes, not mere scraps or inferior food. This establishes the principle of equal treatment in basic sustenance.

Clothing the slave properly means providing garments suitable for weather conditions and of decent quality, preserving their dignity and protecting them from harm.

Workload Limitations

The prohibition against burdening slaves with work beyond their capacity reflects Islam's concern for physical welfare. Scholars explain this includes considering the slave's age, health, and strength when assigning tasks.

If a task is too difficult, the owner must either assist the slave or hire additional help, demonstrating the Islamic principle of mercy in all relationships.

Legal and Ethical Implications

Classical jurists derived from this hadith that mistreating slaves constitutes a sin requiring repentance. The Prophet's teachings gradually transformed slavery from an exploitative institution toward a transitional status with guaranteed rights.

This hadith forms part of the comprehensive Islamic framework that encouraged manumission while ensuring humane treatment for those remaining in servitude.