The Book of ad-Dahaya (Sacrifices) - Sunan an-Nasa'i

Hadith Reference: Sunan an-Nasa'i 4414

Textual Analysis

This profound hadith contains two essential principles memorized directly from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The first establishes that Allah has decreed ihsan (proficiency, excellence) in all matters, making excellence an inherent divine command governing all human actions.

The second principle applies this general excellence to the specific acts of killing and slaughtering, demonstrating how divine perfection manifests in practical affairs.

Scholarly Commentary

The command "when you slaughter, slaughter well" encompasses multiple dimensions of excellence: sharpening the blade to ensure a swift, clean cut; positioning the animal comfortably; facing the qiblah; reciting Allah's name; and avoiding any acts that would cause unnecessary suffering.

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani explains that "sparing suffering" means minimizing pain through technical proficiency and compassionate handling. The sharp blade requirement ensures the swift severing of vital arteries and veins, causing immediate loss of consciousness and minimal pain.

Al-Nawawi emphasizes that this hadith establishes mercy toward animals as a fundamental Islamic principle, where even permissible acts like slaughter must be performed with utmost compassion and respect for Allah's creation.

Legal Implications

This narration forms the basis for detailed fiqh rulings regarding proper slaughtering technique. Scholars derive from it the obligation to use a sharp instrument, the prohibition of using dull blades, and the recommendation to show kindness to the animal throughout the process.

The comprehensive nature of "proficiency in all things" extends beyond slaughter to all worldly and religious matters, encouraging Muslims to seek excellence in worship, business dealings, craftsmanship, and interpersonal relations.