The Book of Drinks - Sunan an-Nasa'i 5585

"The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: 'Every intoxicant is Khamr and every intoxicant is unlawful.'"

Linguistic Analysis

The term "Khamr" linguistically refers to that which covers or veils the intellect. In Islamic terminology, it specifically denotes grape wine initially, but this hadith expands its meaning comprehensively.

The repetition "every intoxicant is Khamr" emphasizes the comprehensive prohibition, leaving no room for exceptions based on the substance's origin or name.

Legal Ruling (Hukm)

This hadith establishes the fundamental principle that all substances causing intoxication are absolutely forbidden (haram), regardless of their form - be it liquid, solid, or gas.

The prohibition extends beyond mere consumption to include production, distribution, and any facilitation of intoxicants.

Scholarly Consensus

Imam an-Nawawi states: "The scholars are unanimously agreed that every intoxicant is haram, whether derived from grapes, dates, wheat, barley, or any other substance."

Imam Ibn Qudamah explains: "The wisdom behind this prohibition is the preservation of intellect, which is one of the five essential objectives of Islamic law."

Practical Application

This ruling includes all contemporary intoxicants such as beer, whiskey, vodka, drugs, and any substance that clouds the mind, regardless of quantity.

Even small amounts are prohibited if they lead to intoxication, following the principle of closing the avenues to sin (sadd al-dhara'i).