The Prohibition of Intoxicants

This comprehensive prohibition from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) establishes that all substances causing intoxication are forbidden in Islam, regardless of their source or form.

Scholarly Commentary

The scholars of Islam have unanimously agreed that this hadith establishes the fundamental principle regarding intoxicants. Imam an-Nawawi explains that the word "khamr" in its linguistic meaning refers to grape wine, but in Islamic law, it encompasses every substance that causes clouding of the intellect.

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani clarifies that the prohibition applies equally to small and large quantities, for what intoxicates in large amounts is forbidden even in small amounts. This preventive measure ensures complete protection from the harms of intoxication.

The wisdom behind this prohibition includes preservation of intellect, protection of religion, safeguarding honor and lineage, and maintaining social order. The intellect is among the five essential necessities that Islamic law protects.

Legal Implications

This ruling applies to all intoxicating substances including alcoholic beverages, drugs, and any other material that clouds the mind or alters consciousness without medical necessity.

The prohibition extends beyond consumption to include production, distribution, and benefiting from the trade of intoxicants. This comprehensive approach ensures complete eradication of this evil from Muslim society.

Source Reference

The Book of Drinks - Sunan an-Nasa'i - Hadith 5599