Hadith Text & Reference

The Prophet [SAW] said: "I forbid to you small amounts of whatever intoxicates in large amounts."

Source: Sunan an-Nasa'i 5608 | Book: The Book of Drinks | Author: Sunan an-Nasa'i

Linguistic Analysis

The phrase "small amounts of whatever intoxicates in large amounts" (قَلِيلُ مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ) establishes a legal principle that prohibition applies to both small and large quantities of intoxicating substances. The wording indicates that anything capable of causing intoxication when consumed in quantity is forbidden even in minimal amounts.

Legal Ruling (Al-Hukm al-Shar'i)

This hadith establishes the fundamental Islamic principle that all intoxicants (khamr) are absolutely forbidden (haram), regardless of quantity. Scholars from all madhahib agree that this prohibition extends to every substance that causes intoxication, whether derived from grapes, dates, wheat, or any other source. The ruling applies equally to drinking, selling, producing, or benefiting from intoxicants.

Wisdom Behind the Prohibition

The prohibition of intoxicants serves to protect the intellect ('aql), which Allah has honored humanity with. Intoxicants cloud judgment, lead to neglect of religious duties, provoke enmity between people, and cause harm to both individuals and society. By forbidding even small amounts, Islam prevents the gradual descent into addiction and preserves human dignity.

Scholarly Consensus

Imam al-Nawawi states in his commentary: "This hadith is a foundational text prohibiting all intoxicants. The scholars are unanimously agreed that every intoxicating drink is unlawful." Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi explains: "The prohibition is comprehensive - whatever intoxicates in large quantity is forbidden in small quantity, for the small amount leads to the large amount, and the prohibition is established by the intoxicating quality itself."