Hadith Text & Reference

"The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: 'The adulterer is not a believer at the moment when he is committing adultery, and the wine drinker is not a believer at the moment when he is drinking wine, and the thief is not a believer at the moment when he is stealing, and the robber is not a believer at the moment when he is robbing and people are looking on.'"

Source: Sunan an-Nasa'i 5659 | Book: The Book of Drinks

Meaning of "Not a Believer"

The scholars explain that this negation does not mean complete expulsion from Islam, but rather the temporary absence of perfect faith (iman) during the commission of these major sins. The person remains a Muslim but their faith is severely diminished at that moment.

Commentary on Wine Drinking

This hadith specifically addresses the gravity of drinking intoxicants. The act of consuming khamr (wine/intoxicants) causes the temporary suspension of complete faith, demonstrating its severe spiritual consequences. The believer's faith and consciousness of Allah should prevent such prohibited acts.

Scholarly Interpretation

Imam an-Nawawi explains that this refers to the perfection of faith, not its foundation. Ibn Taymiyyah states it means the complete faith that should prevent such sins is absent during the act. The majority of scholars hold that the person remains Muslim but commits kufr al-'amali (practical disbelief in action).

Spiritual Implications

This teaching emphasizes the direct connection between outward actions and inward faith. Major sins create a barrier between the servant and Allah, temporarily depriving them of the sweetness and perfection of faith. It serves as a powerful deterrent and reminder of faith's requirements.