Hadith Text & Reference

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever fasts Ramadan out of faith and in the hope of reward, he will be forgiven his previous sins.'"

Reference: Sunan an-Nasa'i 2204 - The Book of Fasting

Commentary on the Hadith

This noble hadith establishes the immense virtue of fasting Ramadan with proper intention and conviction. The phrase "out of faith" (imanan) indicates that one must believe in the obligation of fasting and perform it with sincere conviction in Allah's command.

"In the hope of reward" (ihtisaban) signifies performing the fast seeking only Allah's pleasure and reward, not for worldly recognition or custom. This combination of correct belief and pure intention is essential for attaining the promised forgiveness.

The scholars explain that "previous sins" refers to minor sins, as major sins require specific repentance. However, some scholars hold that with sincere repentance, even major sins may be forgiven through such acts of worship. The comprehensive nature of this forgiveness demonstrates Allah's immense mercy and the elevated status of Ramadan.

Conditions for Attaining Forgiveness

The fulfillment of this promise is contingent upon observing the fast properly: abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations during daylight hours, while also avoiding backbiting, lying, and other sins that violate the spirit of fasting.

The scholars emphasize that the fast must be maintained throughout the entire month, except for valid excuses, and should be accompanied by increased devotion, Quran recitation, and charitable deeds to maximize its spiritual benefits.