Hadith Text & Reference

The Messenger of Allah passed by a man in the shade of a tree on whom water was being sprinkled. He said: "What is the matter with your companion?" They said: "O Messenger of Allah, he is fasting." He said: "It is not righteousness to fast when traveling. Take to the concession which Allah has granted you, accept it."

Source: Sunan an-Nasa'i 2258 | The Book of Fasting

Context & Circumstances

This incident occurred during travel, where the Prophet observed a companion undergoing hardship by fasting while journeying. The man was being cooled with water due to the difficulty he was experiencing. This demonstrates that the concession for breaking fast during travel exists precisely to prevent such unnecessary hardship.

Legal Ruling Analysis

The Prophet's statement establishes that fasting while traveling is not considered an act of superior righteousness. Islamic law provides concessions (rukhas) during travel, including shortening prayers and breaking fasts. Rejecting these concessions without valid reason is discouraged, as it goes against the spirit of ease that Allah intends for His servants.

Scholarly Interpretation

Classical scholars explain that while fasting during travel is technically permissible, accepting Allah's concession is superior. Imam Nawawi states this hadith indicates the recommended course is to break fast while traveling. Ibn Qudamah notes that insisting on fasting when the concession is available may lead to self-righteousness and contradicts the gratitude due for Allah's mercy.

Spiritual Wisdom

This teaching embodies the balanced nature of Islam - avoiding extremes of either excessive leniency or unnecessary rigor. Accepting divine concessions demonstrates gratitude for Allah's mercy and recognition that true righteousness lies in following the Prophetic guidance in all circumstances, not in imposing unnecessary hardship upon oneself.