"I asked the Mother of the Believers 'Aishah about what the Messenger of Allah [SAW] used to say in his supplication. She said: 'He used to say: A'udhu bika min sharri ma 'amiltu wa min sharri ma lam a'mal ba'd (I seek refuge with You from the evil of what I have done and the evil of what I have not done yet.)'"
The Book of Seeking Refuge with Allah - Sunan an-Nasa'i 5525
This narration from the Mother of the Believers 'Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reveals a profound supplication taught by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The scholars explain that this comprehensive prayer encompasses seeking protection from both known and unknown evils.
Commentary on "Evil of What I Have Done"
The first part seeks refuge from the evil consequences of one's past actions. Scholars like Imam Nawawi explain this includes protection from the punishment of sins committed, the negative effects they may have on one's spiritual state, and any worldly harm resulting from them.
Ibn al-Qayyim notes that this demonstrates the Prophet's profound humility, as even he sought protection from his deeds, teaching us that no one is immune from needing Allah's mercy and protection.
Commentary on "Evil of What I Have Not Done Yet"
This second portion contains deep wisdom. Classical commentators explain it includes seeking protection from future sins one might commit, from evils that may befall one without personal action, and from the unknown consequences of future deeds.
Al-Munawi states this shows complete reliance on Allah, acknowledging human inability to foresee future harms and the need for divine protection from what is beyond our knowledge and control.
Spiritual Benefits
This comprehensive supplication cultivates constant awareness of Allah's protection, humility before the Creator, and recognition of human vulnerability. It teaches that seeking refuge should encompass both past and future, known and unknown.
The scholars emphasize that regular recitation of this prayer strengthens one's relationship with Allah and serves as protection against both spiritual and worldly harms.