The Book of Shortening the Prayer When Traveling
كتاب تقصير الصلاة فى السفر
Chapter 1
"I said to 'Umar bin Al-Khattab: 'There is no sin on you if you shorten salah and if you fear that the disbelievers may put you in trial (attack you). But now the people are safe.' 'Umar said: 'I wondered the same thing, so I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about that and he said: This is a favor from Allah (SWT) to you, so accept His favor."
He said to 'Abdullah bin 'Umar: "We find (mention of) prayer when one is at home (i.e., not traveling) and prayer at times of fear in the Qur'an, but we do not find any mention in the Qur'an of prayer when traveling. Ibn Umar said to him: 'O son of my brother, Allah (SWT) send Muhammad (ﷺ) to us when we did not know anything, and all we should do is to do that which we saw Muhammad (ﷺ) doing.'"
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) set out from Makkah to Al-Madinah, fearing nothing but the Lord of the worlds, and praying two rak'ahs.
"We used to travel with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) between Makkah and Al-Madinah, fearing nothing but Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, and praying two rak'ahs."
"The prayer for jumu'ah is two rak'ahs, and for Al-Fitr is two rak'ahs, and for An-Nahr is two rak'ahs, and for traveling is two rak'ahs, complete and not shortened, on the tongue of the Prophet (ﷺ)."
Chapter 2: Prayer in Makkah
"I heard Muas- bin Salamah-say: 'I said to Ibn 'Abbas: How should I pray in Makkah if I do not pray in congregation? He said: Two rak'ahs, the sunnah of Abu Al-Qasim.'"
Chapter 3: Prayer in Mina
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) led us in prayer in Mina, two rak'ahs, when the people were greater in number and more secure."
"I prayed two rak'ahs with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) in Mina, and with Abu Bakr and 'Umar, and two rak'ahs with 'Uthman at the beginning of his Caliphate."
Chapter 1
"I prayed two rak'ahs with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on a journey, and two rak'ahs with Abu Bakr, and two rak'ahs with 'Umar, may Allah (SWT) be pleased with them both."
Chapter 3: Prayer in Mina
"I prayed two rak'ahs with the Prophet (ﷺ) in Mina when the people were more secure and greater in number."
"Uthman prayer four (rak'ahs) in Mina until news of that reached 'Abdullah who said: 'I prayed two rak'ahs with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).'"
Chapter 4: The length of stay during which prayers may be shortened
Anas bin Malik said: " We went out with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) from Al-Madinah to Makkah and he used to lead us in praying two rak'ahs until we came back." I (Yahya) said: "Did he stay in Makkah?" He (Anas) said: "Yes, we stayed there for ten days."
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stayed in Makkah (for fifteen days), praying each prayer with two rak'ahs.
Chapter 5: Not performing voluntary prayers while traveling
"My father told me: 'I was with Ibn Umar on a journey, and he prayed Zuhr and 'Asr with two rak'ahs each, then he went and sat on his carpet. He saw some people offering voluntary prayers and said: What are these people doing? I said: They are offering voluntary prayers. He said: If I had wanted to pray before and after (the obligatory prayer) I would have offered it in full. I accompanied the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he did not pray more than two rak'ahs when traveling, and Abu Bakr (did likewise) until he died, as did 'Umar and 'Uthman, may Allah (SWT) be pleased with them all."
Chapter 1
"I went out with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) from Al-Madinah to Mekkah, and he continued to shorten his prayers, and he stayed there for ten days."
"Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, enjoined the prayer on the tongue of your Prophet (ﷺ): While a resident four (rak'ahs), while traveling two, and at times of fear one."
Chapter 3: Prayer in Mina
"I prayed two rak'ahs in Mina with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)."
His father said: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prayed two rak'ahs in Mina, and Abu Bakr prayed two rak'ahs, and Umar prayed two rak'ahs, and Uthman prayed (two rak'ahs) at the beginning of his Khilafah."
Chapter 4: The length of stay during which prayers may be shortened
"The Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'The Muhajir may stay for three days after his rituals.'"