Sunan an-Nasa'i
Sunan an-Nasa'i 2543
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مُوسَى بْنَ طَلْحَةَ، أَنَّ حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ، حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى وَالْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى وَابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ " .
Amr ibn Ali reported: Yahya narrated to us: Amr ibn Uthman narrated to us: I heard Musa ibn Talhah say that Hakim ibn Hizam related to him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The best charity is what is given from surplus means. The upper hand is better than the lower hand, and begin with those you support.
Translation notes
This route combines the surplus-means instruction, the upper-hand saying, and priority for dependents in one report.