"The Prophet (ﷺ) put a garment over Al-Hasan, Al-Hussain, 'Ali and Fatimah, then he said: 'O Allah, these are the people of my house and the close ones, so remove the Rijs from them and purify them thoroughly." So Umm Salamah said: 'And am I with them, O Messenger of Allah?' He said: "You are upon good."'
Hadith Commentary: The Purification of the Ahl al-Bayt
This noble tradition from Jami' at-Tirmidhi (3871) concerns the Prophet's supplication for his purified household. The Prophet gathered his daughter Fatimah, her husband Ali, and their sons Hasan and Husayn under a cloak, declaring them his Ahl al-Bayt (People of the House).
The Meaning of "Rijs" and Purification
The term "Rijs" refers to spiritual impurity, sin, and moral defilement. The Prophet's specific supplication for their purification indicates their unique spiritual status and protection from error.
This incident forms the basis for the theological concept of 'Ismah (divine protection) for the Prophet's household, demonstrating their exceptional purity among the Muslim community.
Umm Salamah's Question and Its Significance
When Umm Salamah, the Prophet's wife, asked if she could join them, the Prophet responded: "You are upon good." This indicates that while she enjoyed the general virtue of being the Prophet's wife, the specific purification mentioned was exclusive to these five individuals.
Scholars note this distinction shows the special status of the Prophet's immediate family mentioned in the verse of purification (Quran 33:33), while honoring Umm Salamah's position without including her in this particular spiritual distinction.
Scholarly Perspectives
Classical commentators emphasize this hadith establishes the excellence and spiritual precedence of the Prophet's household. Their purification serves as a foundation for their leadership and guidance within the Muslim community.
The incident under the cloak (Kisa') is celebrated in Islamic tradition as demonstrating the profound love and respect Muslims should maintain for the Prophet's purified family.