Jami' at-Tirmidhi
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2120
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، وَهَنَّادٌ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُرَحْبِيلُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ الْخَوْلاَنِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِيِّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي خُطْبَتِهِ عَامَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ " إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَعْطَى كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ فَلاَ وَصِيَّةَ لِوَارِثٍ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَمَنِ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ أَوِ انْتَمَى إِلَى غَيْرِ مَوَالِيهِ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ التَّابِعَةُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لاَ تُنْفِقُ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا " . قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلاَ الطَّعَامَ قَالَ " ذَلِكَ أَفْضَلُ أَمْوَالِنَا " . ثُمَّ قَالَ " الْعَارِيَةُ مُؤَدَّاةٌ وَالْمِنْحَةُ مَرْدُودَةٌ وَالدَّيْنُ مَقْضِيٌّ وَالزَّعِيمُ غَارِمٌ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَارِجَةَ وَأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ . وَهُوَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْ غَيْرِ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ . وَرِوَايَةُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ وَأَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ لَيْسَ بِذَلِكَ فِيمَا تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ لأَنَّهُ رَوَى عَنْهُمْ مَنَاكِيرَ وَرِوَايَتُهُ عَنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ أَصَحُّ هَكَذَا قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ . قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ الْحَسَنِ يَقُولُ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ أَصْلَحُ حَدِيثًا مِنْ بَقِيَّةَ وَلِبَقِيَّةَ أَحَادِيثُ مَنَاكِيرُ عَنِ الثِّقَاتِ . وَسَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنَ عَدِيٍّ يَقُولُ قَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيُّ خُذُوا عَنْ بَقِيَّةَ مَا حَدَّثَ عَنِ الثِّقَاتِ وَلاَ تَأْخُذُوا عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ مَا حَدَّثَ عَنِ الثِّقَاتِ وَلاَ عَنْ غَيْرِ الثِّقَاتِ .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
‘Ali ibn Hujr and Hannad narrated to us; they said: Isma‘il ibn ‘Ayyash narrated to us; Shurahbil ibn Muslim al-Khawlani narrated to us, from Abu Umamah al-Bahili, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) during his sermon in the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage say: ‘Allah has given every rights-holder his due. There is no bequest for an heir. The child belongs to the marital bed, and the adulterer gets the stone; their reckoning is with Allah. Whoever claims descent from someone other than his father, or affiliates himself with people other than his patrons, upon him is Allah’s continuing curse until the Day of Resurrection. A woman may not spend from her husband’s household except with her husband’s permission.’ They asked, ‘Not even food, Messenger of Allah?’ He said, ‘That is among our best possessions.’ He then said, ‘A loaned item must be returned, a borrowed milch-animal must be returned, a debt must be repaid, and a guarantor is liable.’
Abu ‘Isa said: There are reports on this topic from ‘Amr ibn Kharijah and Anas ibn Malik. This is a hasan sahih hadith, and it has been narrated from Abu Umamah by other routes. The narration of Isma‘il ibn ‘Ayyash from Iraqis and Hijazis is not strong when he is the sole transmitter, because he narrated objectionable reports from them; his narrations from Syrians are sounder. Muhammad ibn Isma‘il said this. I heard Ahmad ibn al-Hasan say: Ahmad ibn Hanbal said, ‘Isma‘il’s hadith is better than Baqiyyah’s; Baqiyyah has objectionable reports from reliable transmitters.’ I heard ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman say: I heard Zakariyya ibn ‘Adi quote Abu Ishaq al-Fazari: ‘Take from Baqiyyah what he narrates from reliable transmitters, but do not take from Isma‘il ibn ‘Ayyash what he narrates, whether from reliable or unreliable transmitters.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source distinguishes Isma‘il ibn ‘Ayyash’s Syrian narrations from his reports from Iraqis and Hijazis. Al-minhah is rendered as a borrowed milch-animal, whose loan is to be returned. The child and adultery phrase is kept close to the source wording.
قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي خُطْبَتِهِ عَامَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ " إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَعْطَى كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ فَلاَ وَصِيَّةَ لِوَارِثٍ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَمَنِ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ أَوِ انْتَمَى إِلَى غَيْرِ مَوَالِيهِ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ التَّابِعَةُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لاَ تُنْفِقُ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا " .
The source adds that the reckoning is with Allah, expands the curse wording, includes the question about food and its answer, and gives further rulings absent from the witness.
Should the full sermon be translated beyond the witness’s shorter text? It is included from the Arabic.
وَرِوَايَةُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ وَأَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ لَيْسَ بِذَلِكَ فِيمَا تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ لأَنَّهُ رَوَى عَنْهُمْ مَنَاكِيرَ وَرِوَايَتُهُ عَنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ أَصَحُّ هَكَذَا قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ .
The compiler transmits detailed, attributed assessments of Isma‘il ibn ‘Ayyash and Baqiyyah and distinguishes routes by region.
Should each assessment remain attributed to its named authority? They are preserved with attribution.
وَسَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنَ عَدِيٍّ يَقُولُ قَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيُّ خُذُوا عَنْ بَقِيَّةَ مَا حَدَّثَ عَنِ الثِّقَاتِ وَلاَ تَأْخُذُوا عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ مَا حَدَّثَ عَنِ الثِّقَاتِ وَلاَ عَنْ غَيْرِ الثِّقَاتِ .
The English witness omits the compiler’s full grading, route discussion, and quoted evaluations by Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Abu Ishaq al-Fazari.
Should the final narrator-critical statements be included? They are translated from the Arabic.