Jami' at-Tirmidhi
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1302
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَرْخَصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا بِخَرْصِهَا . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْهُمُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ وَقَالُوا إِنَّ الْعَرَايَا مُسْتَثْنَاةٌ مِنْ جُمْلَةِ نَهْىِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذْ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَاحْتَجُّوا بِحَدِيثِ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ وَحَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَقَالُوا لَهُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ . وَمَعْنَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَرَادَ التَّوْسِعَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي هَذَا لأَنَّهُمْ شَكَوْا إِلَيْهِ وَقَالُوا لاَ نَجِدُ مَا نَشْتَرِي مِنَ الثَّمَرِ إِلاَّ بِالتَّمْرِ فَرَخَّصَ لَهُمْ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ أَنْ يَشْتَرُوهَا فَيَأْكُلُوهَا رُطَبًا .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Zayd ibn Thābit reported that the Messenger of Allah permitted the sale of ʿarāyā according to an estimate of their yield. Abū ʿĪsā said: This is a ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ hadith. The hadith of Abu Hurairah is also ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ. Some scholars, including al-Shāfiʿī, Aḥmad, and Isḥāq, acted according to it. They held that ʿarāyā are exempt from the Prophet’s general prohibition of muḥāqalah and muzābanah, citing the reports of Zayd ibn Thābit and Abu Hurairah. They said that up to five awsuq may be purchased. Some scholars understood this as a concession granted because people told the Prophet they could find no fruit to buy except with dates, so he permitted them to buy less than five awsuq in order to eat fresh dates.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
ʿArāyā is a limited exception involving estimated exchange of fresh dates for dry dates; wasq is a measure of produce.