Jami' at-Tirmidhi
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1198
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ صَخْرٍ الْبَيَاضِيِّ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي الْمُظَاهِرِ يُوَاقِعُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ قَالَ " كَفَّارَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ . وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَمَالِكٍ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ . وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِذَا وَاقَعَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَتَانِ . وَهُوَ قَوْلُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us: Abd Allah ibn Idris narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, from Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Ata, from Sulayman ibn Yasar, from Salamah ibn Sakhr al-Bayadi, from the Prophet concerning a man who had pronounced zihar against his wife and then had intercourse with her before making expiation. He said: One expiation is due. Abu Isa said: This hadith is hasan gharib. Most scholars act on this view; it is the view of Sufyan al-Thawri, Malik, al-Shafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq. Some said that if he has intercourse with her before making expiation, he owes two expiations; this is the view of Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Zihar is a pre-Islamic formula likening one's wife to a permanently unmarriageable female relative; it requires expiation before marital relations resume.