Jami' at-Tirmidhi
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1201
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ قَزَعَةَ الْبَصْرِيُّ، أَنْبَأَنَا مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ، أَنْبَأَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ آلَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْ نِسَائِهِ وَحَرَّمَ فَجَعَلَ الْحَرَامَ حَلاَلاً وَجَعَلَ فِي الْيَمِينِ كَفَّارَةً . قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ وَأَبِي مُوسَى . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ دَاوُدَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم . مُرْسَلاً . وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ . وَالإِيلاَءُ هُوَ أَنْ يَحْلِفَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ لاَ يَقْرُبَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَأَكْثَرَ . وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِيهِ إِذَا مَضَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمْ إِذَا مَضَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ يُوقَفُ فَإِمَّا أَنْ يَفِيءَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ . وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ . وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمْ إِذَا مَضَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ فَهِيَ تَطْلِيقَةٌ بَائِنَةٌ . وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَأَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Al-Hasan ibn Qaza'ah al-Basri informed us: Maslamah ibn Alqamah informed us: Dawud ibn Ali narrated to us, from Amir, from Masruq, from Aishah, who said: The Messenger of Allah abstained from his wives and declared something lawful to be forbidden; then he made the forbidden lawful again and made expiation for the oath. It is also reported in this chapter from Anas and Abu Musa. Abu Isa said: Ali ibn Mushir and others reported the hadith of Maslamah ibn Alqamah from Dawud, from al-Sha'bi, as a mursal report from the Prophet, without the chain from Masruq to Aishah; this is more sound than Maslamah ibn Alqamah's version. Ila is when a man swears not to have intercourse with his wife for four months or more. Scholars differed about what happens after four months. Some scholars among the Companions and others said he is called to choose either to resume marital relations or to divorce her. This is the view of Malik ibn Anas, al-Shafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq. Other scholars among the Companions and others said that after four months she is divorced irrevocably. This is the view of Sufyan al-Thawri and the scholars of Kufa.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Ila is an oath to abstain from marital relations for at least four months. The legal consequences after that period differed among scholars.