Jami' at-Tirmidhi
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1032
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمَّارٍ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ الْمَكِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " الطِّفْلُ لاَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَلاَ يَرِثُ وَلاَ يُورَثُ حَتَّى يَسْتَهِلَّ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ قَدِ اضْطَرَبَ النَّاسُ فِيهِ فَرَوَاهُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَرْفُوعًا . وَرَوَى أَشْعَثُ بْنُ سَوَّارٍ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ مَوْقُوفًا . وَرَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ مَوْقُوفًا . وَكَأَنَّ هَذَا أَصَحُّ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ الْمَرْفُوعِ . وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ إِلَى هَذَا قَالُوا لاَ يُصَلَّى عَلَى الطِّفْلِ حَتَّى يَسْتَهِلَّ . وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Ammar al-Husayn ibn Hurayth narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Wasiti narrated to us, from Isma'il ibn Muslim al-Makki, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: 'A child is not prayed over, does not inherit, and is not inherited from until it cries out.' Abu Isa said: People differed in transmitting this hadith. Some narrated it from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, from the Prophet, as a report attributed to him. Ash'ath ibn Sawwar and more than one other narrator transmitted it from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, as a statement ending with Jabir. Muhammad ibn Ishaq transmitted it from Ata ibn Abi Rabah, from Jabir, as a statement ending with Jabir. This latter version seems more sound than the report attributed to the Prophet. Some scholars adopted this view and said that a child is not prayed over until it cries out. This is the view of Sufyan al-Thawri and al-Shafi'i.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " الطِّفْلُ لاَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَلاَ يَرِثُ وَلاَ يُورَثُ حَتَّى يَسْتَهِلَّ " .
Istihlal refers to a newborn crying or making a sound, but the wording does not specify a precise test or legal threshold.
Does 'cries out' preserve the source's term without adding a more specific birth criterion?