Allah's Messenger (S) said: "Teach the boy Salat when he is seven years old, and beat him (if he does not pray) when he is ten."
The Book on Salat (Prayer)
Jami' at-Tirmidhi - Hadith Reference: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 407
Textual Analysis
This noble hadith establishes a graduated approach to teaching prayer, beginning with gentle instruction at age seven and progressing to disciplinary measures at age ten for persistent neglect.
The command "teach" (مُرُوا) encompasses both verbal instruction and practical demonstration, ensuring the child learns both the theoretical and practical aspects of prayer.
Pedagogical Wisdom
The three-year interval between instruction and discipline allows for gradual spiritual development and habit formation.
Scholars emphasize that the "beating" mentioned must be light, non-injurious, and intended solely for educational correction, not punishment.
Legal Rulings
This hadith establishes that prayer becomes obligatory upon reaching puberty, but preparation begins much earlier.
The majority of scholars hold that parents are responsible for this training, as it falls under the Islamic upbringing of children.
Spiritual Significance
This teaching method reflects Islam's comprehensive approach to worship - combining knowledge, practice, and discipline.
The gradual implementation mirrors the Islamic principle of removing hardship while maintaining religious obligations.