Jami' at-Tirmidhi
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1169
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لاَ يَحِلُّ لاِمْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ أَنْ تُسَافِرَ سَفَرًا يَكُونُ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَصَاعِدًا إِلاَّ وَمَعَهَا أَبُوهَا أَوْ أَخُوهَا أَوْ زَوْجُهَا أَوِ ابْنُهَا أَوْ ذُو مَحْرَمٍ مِنْهَا " . وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . وَرُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ قَالَ " لاَ تُسَافِرُ الْمَرْأَةُ مَسِيرَةَ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ إِلاَّ مَعَ ذِي مَحْرَمٍ " . وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ يَكْرَهُونَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تُسَافِرَ إِلاَّ مَعَ ذِي مَحْرَمٍ . وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا كَانَتْ مُوسِرَةً وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا مَحْرَمٌ هَلْ تَحُجُّ . فَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ لاَ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهَا الْحَجُّ لأَنَّ الْمَحْرَمَ مِنَ السَّبِيلِ لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَِّ : ( لِمَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً ) فَقَالُوا إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا مَحْرَمٌ فَلاَ تَسْتَطِيعُ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً . وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَأَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ . وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ إِذَا كَانَ الطَّرِيقُ آمِنًا فَإِنَّهَا تَخْرُجُ مَعَ النَّاسِ فِي الْحَجِّ . وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ahmad ibn Mani narrated to us: Abu Muawiyah narrated to us, from al-A'mash, from Abu Salih, from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, who said: The Messenger of Allah said: It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to travel for three days or more unless her father, brother, husband, son, or another unmarriageable male relative accompanies her. It is also reported in this chapter from Abu Hurairah, Ibn Abbas, and Ibn Umar. Abu Isa said: This hadith is hasan sahih. It is also reported from the Prophet that a woman should not travel the distance of a day and night without an unmarriageable male relative. Scholars act on this and disapprove of a woman travelling without such a relative. They differed about a woman who is financially able to perform Hajj but has no such relative. Some scholars said Hajj is not obligatory for her, because an unmarriageable male relative is part of the means of access mentioned in Allah's words, “for whoever is able to find a way to it.” Without such a relative, they said, she cannot find a way to it. This is the view of Sufyan al-Thawri and the scholars of Kufa. Other scholars said that if the road is safe, she may set out for Hajj with the people. This is the view of Malik ibn Anas and al-Shafi'i.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The report lists male relatives whom a woman may not marry as travel companions; the following legal discussion records differing views about Hajj without such a companion.