Jami' at-Tirmidhi
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 641
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنِ الْمُثَنَّى بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم خَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ " أَلاَ مَنْ وَلِيَ يَتِيمًا لَهُ مَالٌ فَلْيَتَّجِرْ فِيهِ وَلاَ يَتْرُكْهُ حَتَّى تَأْكُلَهُ الصَّدَقَةُ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَإِنَّمَا رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ وَفِي إِسْنَادِهِ مَقَالٌ لأَنَّ الْمُثَنَّى بْنَ الصَّبَّاحِ يُضَعَّفُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ . وَرَوَى بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ . فَذَكَرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ . وَقَدِ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ فَرَأَى غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ زَكَاةً . مِنْهُمْ عُمَرُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَعَائِشَةُ وَابْنُ عُمَرَ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ مَالِكٌ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ . وَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ لَيْسَ فِي مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ زَكَاةٌ . وَبِهِ يَقُولُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ . وَعَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ هُوَ ابْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَشُعَيْبٌ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنْ جَدِّهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو . وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ فِي حَدِيثِ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ وَقَالَ هُوَ عِنْدَنَا وَاهٍ . وَمَنْ ضَعَّفَهُ فَإِنَّمَا ضَعَّفَهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّهُ يُحَدِّثُ مِنْ صَحِيفَةِ جَدِّهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَأَمَّا أَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ فَيَحْتَجُّونَ بِحَدِيثِ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ وَيُثْبِتُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ وَغَيْرُهُمَا .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Ismail told us: Ibrahim ibn Musa told us: al-Walid ibn Muslim told us, from al-Muthanna ibn al-Sabbah, from Amr ibn Shuaib, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, addressed the people and said: ‘Whoever is responsible for the wealth of an orphan should invest it and not leave it until charity consumes it.’ Abu Isa said: This hadith is narrated only through this route, and its chain is criticized because al-Muthanna ibn al-Sabbah is considered weak in hadith. Some narrators reported this hadith from Amr ibn Shuaib as a statement of Umar ibn al-Khattab. Scholars differed on this subject. More than one Companion of the Prophet, including Umar, Ali, Aishah, and Ibn Umar, held that zakah is due on wealth belonging to an orphan. This is the view of Malik, al-Shafii, Ahmad, and Ishaq. Another group of scholars said no zakah is due on the wealth of an orphan; this is the view of Sufyan al-Thawri and Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak. Amr ibn Shuaib was the son of Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, and Shuaib heard from his grandfather Abdullah ibn Amr. Yahya ibn Said criticized the hadith of Amr ibn Shuaib, saying that it was weak in our view. Those who weakened him did so because he narrated from a written collection belonging to his grandfather Abdullah ibn Amr. However, most hadith scholars accept and affirm the hadith of Amr ibn Shuaib, including Ahmad and Ishaq.