Hot Baths (Kitab Al-Hammam)

Musa ibn Ismaʿil narrated to us: Hammad narrated to us, from ʿAbd Allah ibn Shaddad, from Abu ʿUdhrah, from ʿAishah, may Allah be pleased with her, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade entering public baths, then later permitted men to enter them wearing loincloths.

Muhammad ibn Qudamah narrated to us: Jarir narrated to us. And Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Jaʿfar narrated to us: Shuʿbah narrated to us—both narrations from Mansur, from Salim ibn Abi al-Jaʿd. Ibn al-Muthanna said: from Abu al-Malih, who said: Some women from Syria came to ʿAishah, may Allah be pleased with her. She asked: ‘Where are you from?’ They said: ‘From Syria.’ She said: ‘Perhaps you are from the region where its women enter public baths.’ They said: ‘Yes.’ She said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say that any woman who removes her clothes anywhere other than her home has torn away what is between her and Allah, the Exalted.’ Abu Dawud said: This is Jarir’s hadith, and it is more complete. Jarir did not mention Abu al-Malih; he said directly: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said.

Ahmad ibn Yunus narrated to us: Zuhayr narrated to us: ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Ziyad ibn Anʿam narrated to us, from ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Rafiʿ, from ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAmr, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘The lands of the non-Arabs will be conquered for you, and you will find there buildings called public baths. Men must not enter them except wearing loincloths, and keep women from entering them, except a sick woman or one who has recently given birth.’

ʿAbd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn Nufayl narrated to us: Zuhayr narrated to us, from ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Abi Sulayman al-ʿArzami, from ʿAtaʾ, from Yaʿla, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw a man bathing in an open place without a loincloth. He mounted the pulpit, praised and extolled Allah, then said: ‘Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is Modest and Concealing; He loves modesty and concealment. When one of you bathes, let him cover himself.’

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abi Khalaf narrated to us: al-Aswad ibn ʿAmir narrated to us: Abu Bakr ibn ʿAyyash narrated to us, from ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Abi Sulayman, from ʿAtaʾ, from Safwan ibn Yaʿla, from his father, from the Prophet ﷺ, with this hadith. Abu Dawud said: The first narration is more complete.

ʿAbd Allah ibn Maslamah narrated to us, from Malik, from Abu al-Nadr, from Zurʿah ibn ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Jarhad, from his father—Jarhad was one of the people of the Bench—who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat with us while my thigh was uncovered. He said: ‘Did you not know that the thigh is nakedness?’

ʿAli ibn Sahl al-Ramli narrated to us: Hajjaj narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj, who said: I was informed, from Habib ibn Abi Thabit, from ʿAsim ibn Damrah, from ʿAli, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘Do not uncover your thigh, and do not look at the thigh of anyone living or dead.’ Abu Dawud said: This hadith contains something objectionable.

Ismaʿil ibn Ibrahim narrated to us: Yahya ibn Saʿid al-Umawi narrated to us, from ʿUthman ibn Hakim, from Abu Umamah ibn Sahl, from al-Miswar ibn Makhramah, who said: I was carrying a heavy stone as I walked, and my garment slipped off me. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me: ‘Take your garment and cover yourself; do not walk around naked.’

ʿAbd Allah ibn Maslamah narrated to us: my father narrated to me. And Ibn Bashshar narrated to us: Yahya narrated to us, with a similar report, from Bahz ibn Hakim, from his father, from his grandfather, who said: I asked: ‘Messenger of Allah, what should we cover of our nakedness, and what may we leave uncovered?’ He said: ‘Guard your nakedness except from your wife or those whom your right hand possesses.’ I asked: ‘What if some people are among one another?’ He said: ‘If you can keep anyone from seeing it, then let no one see it.’ I asked: ‘What if one of us is alone?’ He said: ‘Allah is more deserving that one feel modest before Him than people.’

ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Ibrahim narrated to us: Ibn Abi Fudayk narrated to us, from al-Dahhak ibn ʿUthman, from Zayd ibn Aslam, from ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Abi Saʿid al-Khudri, from his father, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said: ‘A man must not look at another man’s nakedness, nor a woman at another woman’s nakedness. A man must not lie close to another man under one garment, nor a woman to another woman under one garment.’

Ibrahim ibn Musa informed us: Ibn ʿUlayyah informed us, from al-Jurayri. And Muʾammal ibn Hisham narrated to us: He said: Ismaʿil narrated to us, from al-Jurayri, from Abu Nadr, from a man of Tufawah, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘No man should lie close to another man, nor a woman to another woman, except a child or a parent.’ He mentioned a third case, but I forgot it.