Al-Adab Al-Mufrad
Supplication
كتاب الدعاء
Chapter 288
بَابُ دَعَوَاتِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم
Qabisa related to us: Sufyan related to us, from ‘Amr ibn Murra, from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Harith, from Tulayq ibn Qays, from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abbas, who said: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say, “O Allah, help me and do not help anyone against me; support me and do not support anyone against me; and make guidance easy for me.”
Translation notes
حَدَّثَنَا قَبِيصَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ طَلِيقِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ
The English witness gives only the final narrator and omits the preceding chain links present in the Arabic.
Should the witness's abbreviated attribution be flagged as a chain omission?
Abu Hafs related to us: Yahya related to us: Sufyan related to us, saying: I heard ‘Amr ibn Murra say: I heard ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Harith say: I heard Tulayq ibn Qays, from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, supplicating with these words: “My Lord, help me and do not help anyone against me; grant me victory and do not grant victory against me; devise for me and do not devise against me; make guidance easy for me; and grant me victory over whoever transgresses against me. My Lord, make me deeply grateful to You, mindful of You, reverent toward You, readily obedient to You, humble before You, tender-hearted and turning back to You. Accept my repentance, cleanse me of my sin, answer my supplication, make my proof firm, guide my heart, make my tongue speak rightly, and draw the rancor from my heart.”
Translation notes
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو حَفْصٍ
The English witness omits the preceding chain links, including multiple explicit hearing statements.
Should the abbreviated witness attribution be flagged as omitting several narrators?
أَوَّاهًا مُنِيبًا
أوّاه has a range including tender-hearted, fervently supplicating, and sighing or lamenting; the paired مُنيب means turning back to God.
Which English wording best preserves the force of أوّاه in this supplication?
Isma‘il related to us: Malik related to me, from Yazid ibn Ziyad, from Muhammad ibn Ka‘b al-Qurazi, who said: Mu‘awiya ibn Abi Sufyan said from the pulpit: “No one can withhold what You have given, nor give what Allah has withheld; a person’s good fortune cannot avail him against Him. Whoever Allah wills good for, He grants understanding of the religion. I heard these words from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on these steps.”
Translation notes
وَلاَ يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْهُ الْجَدُّ
Here الجد is more naturally read as fortune, status, or wealth; the witness renders it as a person’s effort, changing the sense of the saying.
Should الجد here be translated as fortune or wealth rather than effort?
Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna related to us: al-Haytham ibn Jamil related to us: Muhammad ibn Muslim related to us, from Ibn Abi Husayn, who said: ‘Amr ibn Abi Sufyan informed me, from Abu Hurayra, from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said: “The firmest supplication is to say: ‘O Allah, You are my Lord and I am Your servant. I have wronged myself and acknowledged my sin. No one forgives sins except You. My Lord, forgive me.’”
Yahya ibn Bishr related to us: Abu Qatan related to us, from Ibn Abi Salama—that is, ‘Abd al-‘Aziz—from Qudama ibn Musa, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayra, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to supplicate: “O Allah, set right for me my religion, which safeguards my affairs; set right for me my worldly life, in which is my livelihood; and make death a mercy for me from every evil”—or words to that effect.
Translation notes
وَأَصْلِحْ لِي دُنْيَايَ الَّتِي فِيهَا مَعَاشِي
The Arabic second asks for the worldly life to be set right and says that livelihood is within it; the English witness repeats “my deen” and says it contains livelihood.
Should the witness's repeated “deen” be treated as a translation error?
‘Ali related to us: Sufyan related to us: Sumayy related to us, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayra, who said: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to seek refuge from the hardship of affliction, the onset of misery, an evil decree, and the gloating of enemies.
‘Ubayd Allah related to us, from Isra’il, from Abu Ishaq, from ‘Amr ibn Maymun, from ‘Umar, who said: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to seek refuge from five things: laziness, miserliness, the evil of old age, the trial of the heart, and the punishment of the grave.
Translation notes
وَسُوءِ الْكِبَرِ
In this phrase الكِبَر refers to old age; “pride” is a different sense and does not fit the context of the list.
Should “bad pride” be corrected to “the evil of old age”?
Musaddad related to us: Mu‘tamir related to us, saying: I heard my father say: I heard Anas ibn Malik say: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say, “O Allah, I seek refuge in You from incapacity, laziness, cowardice, and senility. I seek refuge in You from the trials of life and death, and I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave.”
Al-Makki related to us: ‘Abd Allah ibn Sa‘id ibn Abi Hind related to us, from ‘Amr ibn Abi ‘Amr, from Anas, who said: I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say: “O Allah, I seek refuge in You from anxiety and grief, incapacity and laziness, cowardice and miserliness, the burden of debt, and being overpowered by people.”
‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab related to us: Khalid ibn al-Harith related to us: ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Mas‘udi related to us, from ‘Alqama ibn Marthad, from Abu al-Rabi‘, from Abu Hurayra, who said: Among the supplications of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was: “O Allah, forgive me for what I have done in the past and what I do later, what I have kept secret and what I have made public, and what You know of me better than I do. You are the One who brings forward and the One who delays. There is no god but You.”
‘Amr ibn Marzuq related to us: Shu‘ba informed us, from Abu Ishaq, from Abu al-Ahwas, from ‘Abd Allah, who said: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to supplicate: “O Allah, I ask You for guidance, chastity, and sufficiency.” Our colleagues reported it from ‘Amr with the addition “and piety.”
Translation notes
وَقَالَ أَصْحَابُنَا، عَنْ عَمْرٍو وَالتُّقَى
The Arabic attributes a variant to “our colleagues,” transmitted from ‘Amr, and adds “piety”; the English witness gives only the added term.
Does this clause indicate that the narrators' colleagues transmitted an expanded version from ‘Amr?
Bayan related to us: Yazid related to us: al-Jurayri related to us, from Thumama ibn Hazn, who said: I heard an elder calling out at the top of his voice, “O Allah, I seek refuge in You from evil that nothing mixes with.” I asked, “Who is this elder?” They said, “Abu al-Darda’.”
‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad related to us: Abu ‘Amir related to us: Isra’il related to us, from Majza’a, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Abi Awfa, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say: “O Allah, purify me with snow, hail, and cold water, just as a dirty garment is purified of filth.” Then he would say: “O Allah, our Lord, to You belongs praise filling the heavens and filling the earth, and filling whatever else You will.”
‘Amr ibn Marzuq related to us: Shu‘ba informed us: Thabit related to us, from Anas, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, often used to supplicate with these words: “O Allah, grant us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and protect us from the punishment of the Fire.”
Musa related to us: Hammad—that is, Ibn Salama—related to us, from Ishaq ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Abi Talha, from Sa‘id ibn Yasar, from Abu Hurayra. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say: “O Allah, I seek refuge in You from poverty, scarcity, and humiliation. I seek refuge in You from wronging others or being wronged.”
Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr related to us: Mu‘tamir related to us, from Layth, from Thabit ibn ‘Ajlan, from Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman, from Abu Umama, who said: We were with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he made many supplications that we could not remember. We said, “You made supplications that we cannot remember.” He said, “I will tell you something that encompasses all of them for you: ‘O Allah, we ask You for what Your Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked You for, and we seek Your protection from what Your Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sought Your protection from. O Allah, You are the One from whom help is sought, and with You lies the accomplishment. There is no power nor strength except through Allah’”—or words to that effect.
Translation notes
اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ الْمُسْتَعَانُ وَعَلَيْكَ الْبَلاَغُ
The first clause clearly identifies Allah as the One whose help is sought. The idiom وعليك البلاغ can refer to conveying or accomplishing the matter; its precise sense is compressed in this report.
Does وعليك البلاغ here mean that accomplishment or conveying the request rests with Allah?
Yahya ibn Bukayr related to us: al-Layth related to us, from Yazid ibn al-Had, from ‘Amr ibn Shu‘ayb, from his father, from his grandfather, who said: I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say: “O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the trial of the False Messiah, and I seek refuge in You from the trial of the Fire.”
Ahmad ibn Yunus related to us: Abu Bakr related to us, from Nusayr ibn Abi al-Ash‘ath, from ‘Ata ibn al-Sa’ib, from Sa‘id, who said: Ibn ‘Abbas used to say: “O Allah, make me content with what You have provided me, bless it for me, and grant me something good in place of everything absent from me.”
Translation notes
وَاخْلُفْ عَلَيَّ كُلَّ غَائِبَةٍ بِخَيْرٍ
The Arabic literally asks Allah to provide a good replacement for everything absent or lost; the English witness paraphrases this as things the speaker does not have.
Should this be rendered as replacing whatever is absent or lost with something good?
Musaddad related to us: ‘Abd al-Warith related to us, from ‘Abd al-‘Aziz, from Anas, who said: The Prophet’s most frequent supplication was: “O Allah, grant us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and protect us from the punishment of the Fire.”
Al-Hasan ibn al-Rabi‘ related to us: Abu al-Ahwas related to us, from al-A‘mash, from Abu Sufyan and Yazid, from Anas, who said: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say frequently: “O Allah, Turner of hearts, make my heart firm upon Your religion.”
Translation notes
عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، وَيَزِيدَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ
The Arabic includes Abu Sufyan and Yazid as transmitters between al-A‘mash and Anas; the English witness omits them.
Should the witness's shortened chain be flagged?