Blood Money (Ad-Diyat) - Sahih al-Bukhari 6868

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "After me (i.e. after my death), do not become disbelievers, by striking (cutting) the necks of one another."

Commentary on the Prohibition

This profound hadith establishes the sanctity of Muslim life and prohibits internecine warfare among believers. The phrase "do not become disbelievers" indicates that killing fellow Muslims constitutes major disbelief (kufr) in practice, as it violates the fundamental Islamic principle of preserving life.

The timing reference "after my death" carries significant wisdom, foreshadowing the civil strife that would emerge following the Prophet's passing and serving as an eternal warning against sectarian violence.

Legal and Theological Implications

Scholars interpret "striking the necks" as encompassing all forms of unlawful killing, whether by sword, weapon, or any means. This prohibition forms the foundation of Islamic criminal law regarding homicide and the regulations of blood money (diyat).

The severe warning underscores that Muslim blood is inviolable, and those who shed it unjustly risk falling into disbelief through their actions, even while maintaining Islamic creed in their hearts.

Contemporary Relevance

This teaching remains critically relevant today, commanding Muslims to maintain unity, resolve conflicts through lawful means, and never resort to violence against fellow believers. It establishes brotherhood as a fundamental pillar of Islamic community life.