(Statements made under) Coercion

Abū Hurayra reported that the Prophet used to pray: “O God, deliver ʿAyyāsh ibn Abī Rabīʿa, Salama ibn Hishām, and al-Walīd ibn al-Walīd. O God, deliver the vulnerable among the believers. O God, make Your assault upon Muḍar severe, and send upon them years like the years of Joseph.”

Anas reported that the Messenger of God said, “Whoever has three qualities will taste the sweetness of faith: that God and His Messenger are dearer to him than anything else; that he loves a person only for God’s sake; and that he hates returning to unbelief as much as he would hate being thrown into the Fire.”

Saʿīd ibn Zayd said, “I remember when ʿUmar had me bound on account of my Islam. If Mount Uḥud were to collapse because of what you did to ʿUthmān, it would deserve to collapse.”

Khabbāb ibn al-Aratt reported: We complained to the Messenger of God while he was resting on his cloak in the shade of the Kaʿba. We said, “Will you not ask God to help us? Will you not pray for us?” He replied, “Among those before you, a man would be seized, a pit dug for him in the ground, and he placed in it. Then a saw would be brought and set on his head, splitting him in two. Iron combs would be drawn through the flesh down to his bones. Yet none of this would turn him away from his religion. By God, this matter will surely be completed until a rider can travel from Ṣanʿāʾ to Ḥaḍramawt fearing no one but God, and fearing a wolf only for his sheep. But you are impatient.”

Abū Hurayra reported: While we were in the mosque, the Messenger of God came out to us and said, “Let us go to the Jews.” We went with him until we came to the house of study. The Prophet stood and called to them, “People of the Jews, embrace Islam and you will be safe.” They said, “You have delivered the message, Abū al-Qāsim.” He said, “That is what I want.” He said it a second time, and they replied, “You have delivered the message, Abū al-Qāsim.” He said it a third time, then said, “Know that the land belongs to God and His Messenger. I intend to expel you. Whoever among you can sell his property should do so; otherwise, know that the land belongs to God and His Messenger.”

Al-Khansāʾ bint Khidhām al-Anṣāriyya reported that her father married her off while she was previously married. She disliked the marriage, so she went to the Prophet, who annulled it.

ʿĀʾisha reported: I asked, “Messenger of God, should women be consulted about their marriage?” He replied, “Yes.” I asked, “A virgin may be asked for her consent, but she may feel shy and remain silent.” He said, “Her silence is her consent.”

Jābir reported that a man from the Anṣār made his enslaved man a *mudabbar*, and had no property other than him. When this reached the Messenger of God, he said, “Who will buy him from me?” Nuʿaym ibn al-Naḥḥām bought him for eight hundred dirhams. Jābir said that the man was a Coptic slave who died in the first year.

Ibn ʿAbbās explained the verse, “O you who believe, it is not lawful for you to inherit women against their will.” He said: “When a man died, his male relatives had greater claim to his widow. If one of them wished, he married her; if they wished, they married her to someone else; and if they wished, they did not marry her to anyone. They considered themselves more entitled to her than her own family.” This verse was revealed concerning that practice.

Al-Layth said: Nāfiʿ told me that Ṣafiyya bint Abī ʿUbayd informed him that a male slave belonging to the authorities had intercourse with a young enslaved woman from the fifth share of the spoils. He forced her until he took her virginity. ʿUmar applied the prescribed corporal punishment to him and banished him, but did not flog the young woman because she had been forced. Al-Zuhrī said: “If a free man takes the virginity of a virgin enslaved woman, the judge assesses compensation for her owner according to her value, and the man is flogged. In the case of an enslaved woman who has previously been married, the rulings of the leaders do not impose compensation, but the man is still subject to the prescribed punishment.”

Abū Hurayra reported that the Messenger of God said: “Abraham migrated with Sarah. He entered a town ruled by a king—or one of the tyrants. The king sent word asking him to send her to him, and Abraham sent her. The king approached her, and she stood to perform ablution and pray. She said, ‘O God, if I believe in You and Your Messenger, do not give this unbeliever power over me.’ The king was seized by a fit until he kicked with his leg.”

ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar reported that the Messenger of God said, “A Muslim is a brother to another Muslim: he does not wrong him or abandon him. Whoever attends to his brother’s need, God will attend to his need.”

Anas reported that the Messenger of God said, “Support your brother whether he is an oppressor or oppressed.” A man asked, “Messenger of God, I can support him if he is oppressed. But how should I support him if he is an oppressor?” He replied, “Restrain him or prevent him from committing injustice. That is how you support him.”