Abu Hurairah (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah said, “The performance of 'Umrah is an expiation for all the sins committed (between this 'Umrah and the previous one), and the reward for Hajj Mabrur (the one accepted by Allah or the one which was performed without doing any wrong) is nothing save Paradise.” Agreed upon.
Hadith Commentary - Bulugh al-Maram 708
This noble hadith from Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, recorded in Bulugh al-Maram 708, establishes the immense spiritual merit of both Umrah and Hajj. The Prophet (peace be upon him) explicitly states that performing Umrah serves as expiation (kaffarah) for minor sins committed between one Umrah and the next.
The scholars clarify that this expiation applies to minor sins (sagha'ir), while major sins (kaba'ir) require specific repentance (tawbah). The condition for this forgiveness is that the Umrah be performed with sincerity, following the proper rulings and avoiding major sins during its performance.
The Excellence of Hajj Mabrur
The hadith further illuminates the supreme status of Hajj Mabrur - the Hajj that is accepted by Allah. The classical scholars define Hajj Mabrur as one performed: 1) with purely halal wealth, 2) in complete accordance with the Sunnah, 3) free from sin and immoral speech, and 4) accompanied by righteous deeds.
Imam Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali comments that the reward of Paradise being exclusively for Hajj Mabrur indicates its superiority over all other deeds in terms of reward. This demonstrates that while Umrah brings forgiveness, Hajj Mabrur elevates the believer to the highest abode.
Practical Implications
This hadith encourages frequent performance of Umrah when possible, as it continuously purifies the soul. It also emphasizes the importance of perfecting one's Hajj by learning its rulings, purifying one's intention, and avoiding all violations that could diminish its acceptance.
The scholars note that the combination of these two acts of worship - Umrah for ongoing purification and Hajj for ultimate reward - provides a comprehensive spiritual regimen for the Muslim seeking Allah's pleasure and forgiveness throughout life.