Business Transactions
كتاب البيوع
Chapter 40: Wages - Section 2
We came to a clan of the Arabs after leaving God's Messenger and they said, “We have been told that you have brought what is good from this man. Have you any medicine, or a charm, for we have a lunatic in chains?" When we replied that we had, they brought a lunatic in chains and I recited Fatihat al-Kitab over him three days morning and evening, collecting my saliva and then spitting it out, and he seemed as if he were set free from a bond. They gave me some payment, but I refused to accept it till I had asked the Prophet. When I did so he said, “Accept it*, for by my life, some accept it for a worthless charm, but you have done so for a genuine one." Ahmad and Abu Dawud transmitted it.* Literally "eat”.
Chapter 41: Wages - Section 3
‘Utba b. al-Mundhir said that once when they were with God’s Messenger he recited Ta’ Sin Mim (Al-Qur’an 28. The passage about Moses hiring himself is verses 26 to 28) till he came to the story of Moses and said, “Moses hired himself for eight or ten years in return for preserving his chastity and receiving his food." Ahmad and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
Chapter 43: Bringing barren Lands into Cultivation ; and the use of Water - Section 2
Jabir's tradition, “If anyone makes barren land fertile...” has been mentioned in the chapter on wrongful appropriation by the rendering of Sa'id b. Zaid and we shall mention the tradition of Abu Sirma, “God will injure him who causes injury” in the chapter on what is prohibited regarding keeping apart in Book 25.
Samura b. Jundub told that he had a row of palm-trees in the garden of a man of the Ansar who had his family with him. Samura used to go in, and as the Ansari was annoyed by this he went and mentioned the matter to the Prophet. He asked him to sell it (. i.e. he asked Samura to sell his row of palm-trees), but he refused, so he asked him to take something else in exchange, but he refused. He then said, “Give it to him and you can have such and such,” mentioning something with which he tried to please him, but he refused. He therefore told him he was a nuisance and told the Ansari to go and cut down his palm-trees. Abu Dawud transmitted it.
Chapter 45: Gifts - Section 1
Abu Huraira reported the Prophet as saying, “Life-tenancy of a house is a gift.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
Chapter 48: Chapter - Section 1
Ibn ‘Abbas reported God’s Messenger as saying, "One who seeks to take back a gift is like a dog which returns to its vomit. An evil example does not apply to us*.”* i.e. to Muslims.Bukhari transmitted it.
Chapter 49: Chapter - Section 2
Ibn ‘Umar and Ibn ‘Abbas reported the Prophet as saying, “It is not lawful for a man to give a gift and then take it back, except a father regarding what he gives his child. One who gives a gift and then takes it back is like a dog which eats and vomits when it is full, then returns to its vomit." Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, Nasa’i and Ibn Majah transmitted it, Tirmidhi saying it is sahih.
Abu Huraira said that a desert Arab presented God’s Messenger with a young she-camel, in return for which he gave him six young she- camels. He was displeased, and when the Prophet heard that, he praised and extolled God and said, “So and so presented me with a she-camel and I gave him six young she-camels in return for it, but he was displeased. I feel inclined to accept a present only from a Qurashi, an Ansari, a Thaqafi, or a Dausi." Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it.
Abu Huraira reported God's Messenger as saying, “He who does not thank people does not thank God.”Ahmad and Tirmidhi transmitted it.
Abu Huraira reported the Prophet as saying, "Give presents to one another for a present removes rancour from the breast, and a woman should not despise even the gift of half (Or part of) a sheep’s trotter from her neighbour.”Tirmidhi transmitted it.
Chapter 50: Chapter - Section 3
Give my son your slave.” This was presumably said to her husband.Muslim transmitted it.
Chapter 52: Finds - Section 2
The tradition of al-Miqdam b. Ma'dikarib, “... are not permissible” has been mentioned in the chapter on reliance*.
*See hadith 163. The reference is to the middle of the tradition where mention is made of a find.
‘Iyad b. Himar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “He who finds Something should call one or two trusty people as witness and not conceal it or cover it up; then if he finds its owner he should return it to him, otherwise it is God’s property which he gives to whom He will.” Ahmad, Abu Dawud and Darimi transmitted it.
Chapter 27: Partnership and Agency - Section 1
‘Urwa b. Abul Ja‘d al-Bariqi said that God’s Messenger gave him a dinar to buy a sheep for him. He bought two sheep for him, sold one of them for a dinar and brought him a sheep and dinar. So God’s Messenger invoked a blessing on him in his business dealings, and he was such that if he had bought dust he would have made a profit from it. Bukhari transmitted it.
Chapter 29: Partnership and Agency - Section 3
Hakim b. Hizam said God's Messenger sent him with a dinar to buy a sacrificial animal for him. He bought a sheep for a dinar, sold it for two, came back, bought a sacrificial animal for a dinar, and brought it along with the extra dinar which he had gained. God’s Messenger gave the dinar as sadaqa and asked a blessing on him in his trading. Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud transmitted it.
Chapter 30: Wrongful Appropriation and Loan - Section 1
Jabir said that in the time of God’s Messenger there was a solar eclipse on the day his son Ibrahim died, and he led the people in a prayer of six rak'as with four sajdas, finishing when the sun came out of the eclipse. He then said, “There is nothing you have been promised which I have not seen during this prayer of mine. Hell was brought, and that was when you saw me draw back from fear that some of its heat might strike me. I saw in it, dragging his entrails in hell, the owner of the crooked stick who used to steal from pilgrims with his crooked stick saying, if it was noticed, that the article had accidentally attached itself to the stick, but going off with it if it was not noticed. I also saw the woman who possessed a cat which she tied up and did not feed or allow it to go and eat of the creeping things on the ground with the result that it died of hunger. Then paradise was brought, and that was when you saw me go forward and stand in my place and stretch out my hand meaning to take some of its fruit that you might look at it; but I thought it better not to do so.” Muslim transmitted it.
Qatada told of hearing Anas say that when there was an alarm in Medina the Prophet borrowed from Abu Talha a horse called al-Mandub which he rode. When he returned he said, “I did not see anything, and I found that the horse could run as speedily as a great river.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
Chapter 31: Wrongful Appropriation and Loan - Section 2
We shall mention the tradition of 'Amr b. Shu'aib in the chapter on finds*, if God most high will.
He reported the Prophet as saying, “The hand which takes is responsible till it pays.” Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
Haram b; Sa‘d b. Muhayyisa said that when a she-camel belonging to al-Bara’ b. ‘Azib entered a garden and did damage, God’s Messenger gave decision that the owners of gardens are responsible for guarding them by day, but that any damage done by animals during the night is a responsibility lying on their owners. Malik, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
Al-Hasan on Samura’s authority reported the Prophet as saying, “When any of you comes upon animals whose owner is among them he must ask his permission; if not he must call three times and if anyone answers him he must ask his permission; but if no one answers him he may draw some milk and drink, but not carry any away.” Abu Dawud transmitted it.
Chapter 32: Wrongful Appropriation and Loan - Section 3
Salim reported on his father's authority that God’s Messenger said, "If anyone takes any land without having a right he will be swallowed up seven earths deep on the day of resurrection.” Bukhari transmitted it.
Chapter 33: Option to buy Neighbouring Property - Section 1
Jabir said the Prophet decreed the right to buy neighbouring property applicable to everything which is not divided, but when boundaries were fixed and separate roads made there was no option. Bukhari transmitted it.